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This POSTnote examines how recent advances in epigenetics can be used to develop new treatments, inform public health policy, and contribute to the UK economy.
This POSTnote examines how recent advances in epigenetics can be used to develop new treatments, inform public health policy, and contribute to the UK economy.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what estimate his Department has made of the increase in incidences of zoonotic diseases entering the UK since the relaxation of the regulations under the pet travel scheme in January 2012; and what action his Department plans to...
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what estimate his Department has made of the increase in incidences of zoonotic diseases entering the UK since the relaxation of the regulations under the pet travel scheme in January 2012; and what action his Department plans to...
Since the UK harmonised with the EU pet travel scheme on the 1 January 2012 there have been no confirmed cases of rabies in domestic or wild animals within the UK. The UK's continued disease-free status for the Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm was confirmed by the European Food Safety Authority in November 2013, on the' basis of disease surveillance results shown at:
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsaiournal/pub/3465.htm
The risk associated with the changes that were made to the UK's pet travel rules as a result of harmonisation with EU law was assessed by experts in 2010:
http://www.defra.gov.uk/animal-diseases/a-z/rabies/
The risk of a dog with rabies entering the UK under the EU import rules was assessed as very low; and the risk of rabies being passed from a pet to a person is lower still.
In October 2013 the Dutch authorities confirmed rabies in two puppies illegally imported from Bulgaria. However, on 9 December it was announced that further tests have shown these dogs to be negative for rabies.
In November 2013 the French authorities confirmed rabies in an illegally imported kitten from Morocco. This case does not increase the overall risk of incursion to the UK.
The UK operates a robust checking regime to make sure that pets entering the UK do not pose a risk to animal and human health. Ferry, rail and air operators are licensed to carry pets on the basis that they check every pet travelling with its owner for compliance with the rules of the EU pet travel scheme. Anyone who does not follow these rules is committing a criminal offence and local authorities have the power to deal with offenders.
I am very grateful to have the opportunity to raise this subject in Parliament. It was first brought to my attention by a constituent; I will obviously keep her name confidential, but she is content for me to discuss her experiences, which are not unusual. Hypothyroidism is not a small...
I am very grateful to have the opportunity to raise this subject in Parliament. It was first brought to my attention by a constituent; I will obviously keep her name confidential, but she is content for me to discuss her experiences, which are not unusual. Hypothyroidism is not a small...
In her introduction, the hon. Lady mentioned that about one in 50 women and about one in 1,000 men develop the disease in their lifetime. Does she agree that if someone has a family history of the disease, perhaps at a certain stage of life there should be a check...
In her introduction, the hon. Lady mentioned that about one in 50 women and about one in 1,000 men develop the disease in their lifetime. Does she agree that if someone has a family history of the disease, perhaps at a certain stage of life there should be a check...
I thank the hon. Gentleman for his intervention, because that is an excellent suggestion; it is what I would describe as a no-brainer. If someone has a family history of the disease, surely that should be a very strong indication for the GP to be proactive in monitoring the possibility...
I thank the hon. Gentleman for his intervention, because that is an excellent suggestion; it is what I would describe as a no-brainer. If someone has a family history of the disease, surely that should be a very strong indication for the GP to be proactive in monitoring the possibility...
It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Roger. I congratulate my right hon. Friend the Member for Meriden (Mrs Spelman) on securing a debate on this issue. This is, as she says, an opportunity to highlight something that we do not discuss often in Parliament. I hope...
It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Roger. I congratulate my right hon. Friend the Member for Meriden (Mrs Spelman) on securing a debate on this issue. This is, as she says, an opportunity to highlight something that we do not discuss often in Parliament. I hope...
My hon. Friend the Minister is coming towards the end of her remarks. Perhaps when she writes to the Royal College of General Practitioners, she will mention the excellent point raised by the hon. Member for Strangford (Jim Shannon). Where there is a family history of hypothyroidism, we should be...
My hon. Friend the Minister is coming towards the end of her remarks. Perhaps when she writes to the Royal College of General Practitioners, she will mention the excellent point raised by the hon. Member for Strangford (Jim Shannon). Where there is a family history of hypothyroidism, we should be...
That is a good point. There is some information on the NHS website, but I will certainly include that point in my letter, and hopefully I will get a response from the royal college, which I will pass on. The hon. Member for Strangford (Jim Shannon) takes a fantastic interest...
That is a good point. There is some information on the NHS website, but I will certainly include that point in my letter, and hopefully I will get a response from the royal college, which I will pass on. The hon. Member for Strangford (Jim Shannon) takes a fantastic interest...
To ask the Secretary of State for International Development what assessment she has made of the spread of water-borne diseases in the Philippines following Typhoon Haiyan.
To ask the Secretary of State for International Development what assessment she has made of the spread of water-borne diseases in the Philippines following Typhoon Haiyan.
We are working with the Philippines and international agencies to prepare for outbreaks of water-borne diseases.
This includes £300,000 to help International Health Partners (IHP) support the Philippines Department of Health to deliver and store drugs in badly affected areas. The UK has also provided £2 million to WHO for the re-establishment of essential health care services, disease surveillance and early warning systems for disease outbreaks. Two public health experts have been seconded from the NHS to help advise and support the Philippines Department of Health. In addition funds and supplies worth £2.5 million have been delivered to UNICEF to provide affected populations with clean water, sanitation and soap.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health what assessment Public Health England has made of (a) the effect of an aging population on prevalence of disease and (b) the consequent public health challenges.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health what assessment Public Health England has made of (a) the effect of an aging population on prevalence of disease and (b) the consequent public health challenges.
Although Public Health England (PHE) has made no new, specific assessment of the effect of an aging population on the prevalence of disease, it has developed disease prevalence models showing the levels of different diseases for various age groups for each local authority area. For example the diabetes model specifically examines the impact of age on prevalence, projecting this into the future. The Global Burden of Disease—co-authored by PHE—shows how the prevalence of all of the most common diseases vary by age at a national level.
In addition, PHE is commissioning a piece of work to model the future prevalence of disease which will include predictions of population aging.
The key public health challenges that will be faced as a result of the aging population are not dramatically different from current issues. Continued improvement
and expansion of prevention programmes will be necessary to maximise impact upon, and amelioration of, the increased burden of disease we can expect to see.
To ask Her Majesty’s Government whether they intend to provide any funding for the British Beekeepers Association for its research into diseases such as colony collapse disorder and Nosema ceranae. [HL3707]
To ask Her Majesty’s Government whether they intend to provide any funding for the British Beekeepers Association for its research into diseases such as colony collapse disorder and Nosema ceranae. [HL3707]
There are no plans to provide funding to the British Beekeepers Association (BBKA) for this purpose. The BBKA is not a recognised research body, but provides funding to other bodies to undertake work on its behalf.
Defra is already providing £2.5 million over five years (from 2010/11) towards the £10 million Insect Pollinators Initiative which is being jointly funded with the Scottish Government, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Natural Environment Research Council and Wellcome Trust. Nine projects are being funded, one of which is focussing on the effects of Nosema Ceranae. The results of these projects are beginning to emerge and have been published in both scientific journals and the beekeeping press. The full findings of this initiative are expected in 2014 and 2015.
Defra also commissions research projects which support bee health policy and operations. The National Bee Unit (NBU) recently completed a project on the control and risk management of honey bee pests and diseases, and the final report for this project has been published on the Defra science pages on www.gov.uk. This did not include colony collapse disorder as this is the term used in the USA to describe the high colony losses it has suffered in recent years. Although there have been losses in the UK, we have no evidence to suggest that this condition is present. However, the NBU monitors colony losses as part of its bee health programme.
That this House notes with concern recent Health and Safety Executive statistics which demonstrate that employees in the baking industry remain approximately 40 times more likely to develop occupational asthma than the average worker due to exposure to flour and other bakery dusts; further notes that the real incidence rates are higher still, given academic data on the under-reporting of the condition in the UK; believes that every worker has the right to work in a healthy and safe workplace and is extremely alarmed that thousands of bakers could be at risk of developing an incapacitating respiratory condition; further notes that local authorities lack the resources to conduct regular inspections of exposure levels in supermarket scratch bakeries and small, independent craft bakeries; recognises the outstanding research work done over many years by Professor Paul Cullinan of the National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London; welcomes the agreement of supermarket chain Morrisons to work with Professor Cullinan on identifying measures to limit this exposure in its bakeries; and further calls on the Government to meet the Bakers, Food and Allied Workers Union in order to ensure that all relevant employers implement such control measures to protect bakers from developing asthma.
That this House notes with concern recent Health and Safety Executive statistics which demonstrate that employees in the baking industry remain approximately 40 times more likely to develop occupational asthma than the average worker due to exposure to flour and other bakery dusts; further notes that the real incidence rates...
To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills what recent discussions he has had with Novartis to encourage them to maintain respiratory research in the UK.
To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills what recent discussions he has had with Novartis to encourage them to maintain respiratory research in the UK.
Ministers and officials in the Government have regular contact with Novartis and other pharmaceutical investors and discussions cover a range of policy issues.
I met with senior representatives from Novartis on 30 October to discuss the potential changes to their research operations in the UK, which are currently under consultation. Novartis have noted that the proposed changes are a result of a global review of their research activities.
The Department remains in close contact with Novartis regarding the impact of these proposed changes.
That this House is alarmed by the findings of the National Diabetes Audit published earlier this month which found that people with diabetes are 38 per cent more likely to die early and have a 73 per cent higher chance of being admitted to hospital for heart failure than others; notes that the Audit looked at the experience of more than two million people with diabetes and found that more than a quarter of hospital admissions for heart failure were among diabetics; recognises that blood pressure and cholesterol checks are part of the nine key care processes in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines, but that on average only 49.8 per cent of patients received all nine checks; and calls on the Government to create a targeted campaign at healthcare professionals to raise awareness of the guidelines, so that all diabetics receive all nine checks.
That this House is alarmed by the findings of the National Diabetes Audit published earlier this month which found that people with diabetes are 38 per cent more likely to die early and have a 73 per cent higher chance of being admitted to hospital for heart failure than others;...
That this House urges the Secretary of State for Health to ensure that hospitals and the medical profession administer the pulse oximetry tests on newborns as part of standard tests that are carried out to detect heart conditions; notes that congenital heart defects are the most common birth defect affecting around one in every 133 children in the UK or around 5,000 to 6,000 each year; further notes that getting more conditions diagnosed early could help save money, distress and save lives; and further notes that pulse oximetry tests are cheap, easy to administer and painless.
That this House urges the Secretary of State for Health to ensure that hospitals and the medical profession administer the pulse oximetry tests on newborns as part of standard tests that are carried out to detect heart conditions; notes that congenital heart defects are the most common birth defect affecting...
That this House supports World Aids Day 2013, which will take place on 1 December 2013; recognises that the day offers an opportunity for people across the UK and the world to unite in the fight against HIV, show their support for people living with HIV and to commemorate those who have died; notes that approximately 100,000 people are currently living with HIV in the UK and, globally, it is estimated that 34 million people have HIV; and calls on the Government to show its support for World Aids Day by committing to increase awareness, fight prejudice and improve education about HIV.
That this House supports World Aids Day 2013, which will take place on 1 December 2013; recognises that the day offers an opportunity for people across the UK and the world to unite in the fight against HIV, show their support for people living with HIV and to commemorate those...
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what proportion of larch trees infected with phytophthora ramorum have been (a) treated, (b) felled, (c) not treated to date and (d) not felled to date.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what proportion of larch trees infected with phytophthora ramorum have been (a) treated, (b) felled, (c) not treated to date and (d) not felled to date.
Forestry is a devolved issue. However, I can provide information on phytophthora ramorum with relation to larch trees in England. There is no known cure for this disease in trees so there is no treatment available. There will inevitably be some trees that have been infected and have not yet been identified so it is not possible to calculate the proportion of larch affected.
The latest information from the Forestry Commission in England, which records information by woodland area and estimated timber volume, not tree numbers, is set out in the following table. This shows the area of woodland and volume of timber under Statutory Plant Health Notices (SPHN) requiring the trees to be felled, as well as the volume estimated of trees under Notice still to be felled.
| Felling
area under SPHN
(hectares)1 | Total
estimated volume (cubic
metres) | Total
estimated volume not yet felled (cubic
metres) | |
| 2010 | 1,107.3 | 186,000 | 3,000 |
| 2011 | 492.8 | 86,000 | 1,000 |
| 2012 | 482.3 | 86,000 | 8,000 |
| 2013 | 579.6 | 114,000 | 2108,000 |
| Total | 2,662.0 | 472,000 | 120,000 |
| 1
All figures are as at 1 November
2013. 2 Felling of trees placed under SPHN in 2013 is work in progress, therefore the figure of 108,000 is likely to be overstated. |
The hon. Member may wish to contact Welsh Ministers to discuss the position in Wales.
That this House notes that brain tumours have one of the lowest survival rates of all cancers, of just 19 per cent within five years of diagnosis compared to 51 per cent for all cancers and the highest average years of life lost of all common cancers of 20.1 years, compared to 11.8 years for lung cancer and 6.1 years for prostate cancer; further notes that brain tumours kill more people, including children, under the age of 40 years than any other cancer but receive less research funding per death than many other cancers; and further notes the recent report by Brain Tumour Research on this issue and supports its campaign for better funding for brain tumour research specifically.
That this House notes that brain tumours have one of the lowest survival rates of all cancers, of just 19 per cent within five years of diagnosis compared to 51 per cent for all cancers and the highest average years of life lost of all common cancers of 20.1 years,...
That this House welcomes the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence's final guidance on the Oncotype DX breast cancer test; notes that this represents an important milestone in delivering personalised medicine to breast cancer patients in the NHS; recognises that this test will guide individual decisions about chemotherapy treatment; further notes that avoiding chemotherapy where it is unlikely to be beneficial could improve patient outcomes, reduce overtreatment and save the NHS between £7,500 to £10,000 per patient; and urges the Government to encourage swift uptake of the Oncotype DX across the NHS and to ensure patients have fair and equitable access by developing a national commissioning policy for the test as soon as possible.
That this House welcomes the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence's final guidance on the Oncotype DX breast cancer test; notes that this represents an important milestone in delivering personalised medicine to breast cancer patients in the NHS; recognises that this test will guide individual decisions about chemotherapy treatment;...