Law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom make use of a range of domestic and international information sources when preventing, detecting and investigating crime, including information provided from European law enforcement databases. However, neither the Home Office nor UK law enforcement agencies routinely record whether an arrest or charge has resulted from information obtained from a specific law enforcement database.

The Home Office therefore does not hold figures for the number of individuals arrested and charged in the United Kingdom on the basis of information provided from European law enforcement databases between 2010 and 2019.

The NHS Federated Data Platform will deliver measurable improvements for patients. It will allow people to be discharged quicker, and for waiting lists to be shortened, through making better use of data.

It will securely bring together information already available to trusts, in hospital health records, waiting lists, and theatre and staff rosters, to better manage patient care. Each NHS organisation will be the data controller for their instance of the platform. Data will always remain under the full control and protection of the NHS and is only visible to approved users.

The NHS Federated Data Platform will provide trusts and integrated care boards, on behalf of local integrated care systems, with a set of core capabilities and nationally developed products, to support five key National Health Service priorities: elective recovery; care-co-ordination; vaccination and immunisation; population health management; and supply chain management.

A suite of products will sit under each of the use cases. A product is a software solution to address a particular NHS need, for example a patient discharge product which brings together data to help support discharge teams in hospitals in getting patients the right care in the right place. As each product is developed or transitioned to the NHS Federated Data Platform, a privacy notice will be published, setting out the data that will be utilised within the product. These are available at the following link:https://www.england.nhs.uk/contact-us/privacy-notice/how-we-use-your-information/nhs-federated-data-platform-privacy-notice/fdp-products-and-product-privacy-notices/

The NHS Federated Data Platform is being implemented in phases, with the first phase, from March to July 2024, being a transition of existing National Data Platform products to the national instance of the NHS Federated Data Platform, and the transition of 44 pilot sites to local instances. The second phase, from May 2024 to March 2027 and following the successful transition phase, is the rollout of instances of the platform to new trusts and integrated care boards. Once trusts and boards have their local instance of the platform, they can choose to use any of the nationally commissioned products, and develop new or additional products locally, to address local issues. This is when the data will become visible to approved users.

The Federated Data Platform will bring together information on services, waiting times, equipment, and medicines, allowing the National Health Service to use data to improve outcomes for patients. The directions used to process de-identified data for use in the ambulance data services dashboard in the Federated Data Platform, is NHS England’s De-Identified Data Analytics and Publication Directions 2023, which is available at the following link:

https://digital.nhs.uk/about-nhs-digital/corporate-information-and-documents/directions-and-data-provision-notices/secretary-of-state-directions/nhs-england-de-identified-data-analytics-and-publication-directions-2023

These are directions given by my Rt hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, to establish arrangements for the governance of the ongoing processing of de-identified data, and to act as a framework for the future analysis, linkage, and de-identification of data for analysis by NHS England. The Ambulance Data Services Dashboard in the Federated Data Platform also aligns to the Ambulance Data Set Directions 2022, which is available at the following link:

https://digital.nhs.uk/about-nhs-digital/corporate-information-and-documents/directions-and-data-provision-notices/nhs-england-directions/ambulance-data-set-directions-2022

These are directions originally given by NHS England to NHS Digital, to establish and operate a system for the collection and analysis of nationally consistent operational and clinical data from all ambulance services in England.

The legal bases for these specific directions are s261(5)(d) and s13Z3 (e) and (f), of the Health and Social Care Act 2012. Further information on the legal grounds for data processing in relation to the Ambulance Data Services Dashboard can be found in the privacy notice. This is available at the following link:

https://www.england.nhs.uk/contact-us/privacy-notice/how-we-use-your-information/nhs-federated-data-platform-privacy-notice/fdp-products-and-product-privacy-notices/ambulance-data-services-ads-dashboard-fdp-product-privacy-notice/

The NHS Federated Data Platform will securely bring together information from hospital health records, waiting lists, and theatre and staff rosters, to better manage patient care. There is no planned timescale for ambulance service data to be used by trusts participating in local instances of the NHS Federated Data Platform, although this may be possible in the future.

The ambulance data will be used by NHS England to monitor ambulance activity, including response and handover times, to support improvement of patient safety and operational delivery. Trusts may have access to some ambulance service data through the dashboard, made available to authorised users via the national instance of the NHS Federated Data Platform. More information on this dashboard is available at the following link:

https://www.england.nhs.uk/contact-us/privacy-notice/how-we-use-your-information/nhs-federated-data-platform-privacy-notice/fdp-products-and-product-privacy-notices/ambulance-data-services-ads-dashboard-fdp-product-privacy-notice/

NHS England has published an Ambulance Data Service dashboard, Federated Data Platform product privacy notice, which is available at the following link:

https://www.england.nhs.uk/contact-us/privacy-notice/how-we-use-your-information/nhs-federated-data-platform-privacy-notice/fdp-products-and-product-privacy-notices/ambulance-data-services-ads-dashboard-fdp-product-privacy-notice/

The Federated Data Platform will improve outcomes by bringing together the information needed to plan and deliver care and reduce administrative burden on staff. Pilot sites have seen the removal of patients from waiting lists and waiting times fall, meaning patients are treated faster; discharge delays have been reduced, enabling patients to leave hospital and get home sooner; and people have waited for less time to receive a diagnosis. Following are examples of benefits that have been reported within the Improving Elective Care Co-ordination for Patients (IECCP) and Optimised Patient Tracking and Intelligent Choices Application (OPTICA) pilots.

For IECCP, across trusts realising benefits, a total of 55,521 patients have been requested for removal from waitlists. There has also been a 5.7% increase in theatre utilisation per month on average compared to the six-month period before the pilot.

For OPTICA, following the implementation of the pilot in one trust, the trust realised a number of benefits including a 36% decrease in the average number of days patients are delayed from being discharged, for patients with a length of stay of 21 or more days, and a 22% reduction in average length of stay of pathway 0 patients, who do not need health support on discharge, freeing up capacity for the trust to care for patients with more complex needs.

The Federated Data Platform (FDP) business case includes an assessment of the investment, the benefits anticipated, and the return of investment anticipated over the lifetime of the programme. Benefits are provided for cash, non-cash, and societal benefits and throughout the approval process were assessed by several independent assessors from both NHS England, the Department and other Government departments to ensure that investments provide value. The FDP is a Tier A Government Major Projects Portfolio programme and therefore will be required to report on the return on investment and benefits realised throughout the lifetime of the programme, to the Infrastructure and Projects Authority.

NHS England has conducted a fair, open, and transparent procurement in line with Public Contracts Regulations 2015. They used the Competitive Dialogue Process, which is in line with both Cabinet Office guidance and HM Treasury guidance Managing Public Money. This process was open for any supplier to participate, subject to passing the standard selection criteria and minimum requirements. All bids were evaluated against the same objective evaluation criteria and scoring methodology which was shared with all suppliers. The evaluation criteria were developed to mitigate against unfair incumbent advantage. Over 30 independent evaluators were selected from across the National Health Service with a range of skills and experience relevant to the question they were evaluating.

The sharing of passport data with law enforcement agencies for the purpose of preventing and detecting crime is longstanding, and is provided for within His Majesty’s Passport Office’s Privacy Information Notice: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/hmpo-privacy-information-notice#full-publication-update-history

The sharing of passport data with law enforcement agencies for the purpose of preventing and detecting crime is longstanding, and is provided for within His Majesty’s Passport Office’s Privacy Information Notice: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/hmpo-privacy-information-notice#full-publication-update-history

There are currently two main Foundry pilots delivering benefits to trusts, namely the Improving Elective Care Coordination for Patients (IECCP) Programme which supports trusts to effectively deliver care through the implementation of the Care Coordination Solution (CCS); and the Dynamic Discharge programme to support effective hospital discharge.

The table below shows those trusts that are listed as either pausing or suspending these pilots in March 2023 and gives the reason why for each:

Notes:

1. There are no trusts where the Dynamic Discharge programme is live, but IECCP is paused. The IECCP programme is live in some Trusts where implementation of Dynamic Discharge was paused in March. These Trusts are as follows:

- East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust;

- London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust;

- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; and

- University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust.

2. The following trusts have re-engaged with the programme and are in the process of restarting with the Dynamic Discharge solution:

- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust;

- London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust; and

- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.

3. Discussions are ongoing with some other trusts about the best time to re-engage with the Dynamic Discharge programme.

There are currently two main Foundry pilots delivering benefits to trusts, namely the Improving Elective Care Coordination for Patients (IECCP) Programme which supports trusts to effectively deliver care through the implementation of the Care Coordination Solution (CCS); and the Dynamic Discharge programme to support effective hospital discharge.

The table below shows those trusts that are listed as either pausing or suspending these pilots in March 2023 and gives the reason why for each:

Notes:

1. There are no trusts where the Dynamic Discharge programme is live, but IECCP is paused. The IECCP programme is live in some Trusts where implementation of Dynamic Discharge was paused in March. These Trusts are as follows:

- East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust;

- London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust;

- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; and

- University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust.

2. The following trusts have re-engaged with the programme and are in the process of restarting with the Dynamic Discharge solution:

- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust;

- London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust; and

- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.

3. Discussions are ongoing with some other trusts about the best time to re-engage with the Dynamic Discharge programme.

It is a huge opportunity. My right hon. Friend and I have discussed this matter outside the Chamber, and I met Ben Goldacre in the summer to discuss his fantastic work in the context of covid. It is absolutely right that, given the potential of artificial intelligence, there are huge opportunities in relation to health inequalities and allowing us to better target provision. I think my right hon. Friend would agree that we should do that through the prism of patient consent.

One thing that we are trying to build into the NHS app is the ability to better empower the patient to decide what they wish to sign up to and what they would like their data shared with.

These National Health Service trusts have paused pilots of Palantir Foundry:

- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust;

- East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust;

- London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust;

- Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust;

- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust;

- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust;

- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Foundation Trust;

- University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust; and

- University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust.

These NHS trusts have suspended pilots of Palantir Foundry:

- Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital; and

- University Hospital Plymouth NHS Trust.

The spend-to-date on the Faster Flows programme is £0.51 million. There are no additional costs to implement within trusts as the programme uses their existing resources and digital infrastructures. £0.15 million has been paid to Palantir within the spend-to-date. There have been no payments to external consultants for this pilot as it has been possible to support this development using Commissioning Support Unit (CSU) teams within the National Health Service. The costs of the internal consultants within the CSU are £0.36 million.

The elective recovery programme aims to help trusts across England better plan, schedule and manage patients through the Elective pathway. The spend-to-date on the pilot is £20.2 million. This includes £11.2 million on implementation within individual trusts. The spend-to-date includes £1.2 million paid to Palantir to accelerate elective surgical waiting list validation, correctly prioritise patients awaiting treatment and improve theatre utilisation. This also includes £5.4 million to external consultants to help with the discovery stage, delivery, strategic direction, management and training within the programme. The remaining £2.4 million has been spent on internal consultant teams within the Commissioning Support Units.

The Improving Elective Care Coordination for Patients Programme is one of the two main Foundry pilots. It supports trusts to effectively deliver care through care coordination.

The Chelsea and Westminster pilot has so far achieved these benefits:

- 79% of patients on waiting lists have been assessed for accuracy, leading to 27,200 patients being removed for example if they no longer need their procedure;

- 3,507 patients have been reprioritised to date;

- 3,279 theatre actions have been created to manage patients through the 6-4-2 process, a model to improve operating theatre productivity, safety, and patient experience;

- 4,372 booking requests have been completed;

- waiting lists for 392 consultants have been managed through care coordination;

- there has been a 55% reduction of bookings cancelled on the day due to missing Pre-Operative Assessment from, 2.89% to 1.29%; and

- patients with suspected cancer had their first appointment on average two days sooner.

The Royal Free London, Barts Health and Milton Keynes University Hospital Trusts pilots have not yet gone live.

The Data Protection Act 2018 (DPA) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) strengthen the obligations on organisations to process individuals’ data fairly, lawfully and transparently and to keep it safe and secure. It also strengthens individuals’ rights to seek to access, rectify or delete their data.

This legislation is regulated and enforced by the independent Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO). The ICO has issued comprehensive guidance for organisations on how to comply with the legislation and is also working closely with specific sectors to address areas of risk.

If individuals have concerns about the way online services are processing their data, they may wish to complain to the ICO. The ICO has a range of corrective powers and sanctions to enforce the GDPR, including:

• issuing warnings and reprimands;

• imposing a temporary or permanent ban on data processing;

• ordering the rectification, restriction or erasure of data; and

• suspending data transfers to third countries.

Shortly.

[holding answer 3 February 2014]: In terms of information which identifies a patient, NHS England’s “Better information means better care” leaflet sets out how people can ask their GP practice to note their objections, which will prevent confidential, identifiable data about them being used by the care.data programme, other than in a very limited number of exceptional circumstances.

As examples, existing public health legislation may require data to control the spread of specific infectious diseases or the police may require information about an individual patient when investigating serious crime. Decisions are made on a case-by-case basis and must balance legal requirements, the duty of confidentiality owed to the patient and the accepted public interest in a confidential health service, all against any benefits that may arise from the disclosure.

It is important to note that provisions in the Health and Social Care Act 2012 are designed to strengthen and clarify the role of the Health and Social Care Information Centre so that information can be collected, held securely and made readily available to those who need it in safe, de-identified formats, with crucial safeguards in place to protect the confidential data it holds.

The Health and Social Care Act 2012 is clear that

“information which identifies or enables identification of a person must not be published”.