Further to the Written Answer by Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean on 4 November (606 c104WA) on the subject of Article 1 of the Space Treaty, whether military espionage and other hostile military activities carried on in outer space are "for the benefit and in the interest of all countries"...

Further to the Written Answer by Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean on 4 November (606 c104WA) on the subject of Article 1 of the Space Treaty, whether military espionage and other hostile military activities carried on in outer space are "for the benefit and in the interest of all countries"...

Whether they have been informed by the United States Government about the intended uses of the space-based infrared system, new construction for which by the United States National Security Agency at Menwith Hill is being funded by the United States Ballistic Missile Defense Organisation for use with the United States...

Whether they have been informed by the United States Government about the intended uses of the space-based infrared system, new construction for which by the United States National Security Agency at Menwith Hill is being funded by the United States Ballistic Missile Defense Organisation for use with the United States...

Whether existing international law concerning outer space is sufficient to secure the sovereign rights of all members of the United Nations. [HL 4391]. - Includes ref to 606 c6WA.

Whether existing international law concerning outer space is sufficient to secure the sovereign rights of all members of the United Nations. [HL 4391]. - Includes ref to 606 c6WA.

Whether, in law, they consider outer space to be res nullius, or in light of Article 1 of the Space Treaty, res communis. [HL 4455].

Whether, in law, they consider outer space to be res nullius, or in light of Article 1 of the Space Treaty, res communis. [HL 4455].

Whether certain states are conducting military espionage or other hostile military activities in outer space; and, if so, whether these states are acting in contravention of Article 1 of the 1967 Treaty Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, which states that, "the exploration...

Whether certain states are conducting military espionage or other hostile military activities in outer space; and, if so, whether these states are acting in contravention of Article 1 of the 1967 Treaty Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, which states that, "the exploration...

Whether they consider national sovereign rights pertain to vehicles, whether civil or military, that operate above national airspace. [HL 4195].

Whether they consider national sovereign rights pertain to vehicles, whether civil or military, that operate above national airspace. [HL 4195].

Whether they interpret the Outer Space Treaty as allowing all military activities except the basing of nuclear weapons on the moon; and, if so, how this is compatible with Article I of the Treaty; and whether the placement above national airspace of space-based laser weapon systems which can be used...

Whether they interpret the Outer Space Treaty as allowing all military activities except the basing of nuclear weapons on the moon; and, if so, how this is compatible with Article I of the Treaty; and whether the placement above national airspace of space-based laser weapon systems which can be used...

What system of law operates above national airspace. [HL 4197]. - Includes ref to the Outer Space Act 1986.

What system of law operates above national airspace. [HL 4197]. - Includes ref to the Outer Space Act 1986.

What has been the British contribution to, and level of participation, in the United Nations space conferences recently held in Vienna. [HL 3996].

What has been the British contribution to, and level of participation, in the United Nations space conferences recently held in Vienna. [HL 3996].

What is their estimate of the number of useless objects currently in orbit around the earth; how many present risks to useful objects; and what steps are being taken to retrieve them to reduce garbage in space. [HL 2644]. - Includes figures.

What is their estimate of the number of useless objects currently in orbit around the earth; how many present risks to useful objects; and what steps are being taken to retrieve them to reduce garbage in space. [HL 2644]. - Includes figures.

Whether they consider, in the light of the increasing uses being made for political, social, economic and military purposes of space, it may now be desirable to set up an internationally agreed framework to develop and enforce international law in space.

Whether they consider, in the light of the increasing uses being made for political, social, economic and military purposes of space, it may now be desirable to set up an internationally agreed framework to develop and enforce international law in space.

Whether they consider the siting of weapons in space should be a subject of preventive diplomacy by the United Nations or by any other party; and why successive British Governments have voted against or abstained from resolutions in the United Nations General Assembly on "preventing an arms race in outer...

Whether they consider the siting of weapons in space should be a subject of preventive diplomacy by the United Nations or by any other party; and why successive British Governments have voted against or abstained from resolutions in the United Nations General Assembly on "preventing an arms race in outer...

Whether they have given any undertakings to the United States not to object to its current research and development programmes for the siting of weapons in space as announced in the Quadrennial Defense Review and other official documents of the United States Administration. - No such undertakings have been given.

Whether they have given any undertakings to the United States not to object to its current research and development programmes for the siting of weapons in space as announced in the Quadrennial Defense Review and other official documents of the United States Administration. - No such undertakings have been given.

Whether HMG consider the ongoing US Airborne Laser Programme to be fully compliant with the Space Treaty and with the Anti Ballistic Missile Treaty system depends and whether there are any British participants in the Boeing ABM Programme, or any British funding.

Whether HMG consider the ongoing US Airborne Laser Programme to be fully compliant with the Space Treaty and with the Anti Ballistic Missile Treaty system depends and whether there are any British participants in the Boeing ABM Programme, or any British funding.

What are the present arrangements for space use management and planning, given reports in Aviation Week passim that more than 1,000 satellites are to be put in low earth orbit between now and the year 2001 and the presence in orbit of vehicles and debris, which are hazard to other...

What are the present arrangements for space use management and planning, given reports in Aviation Week passim that more than 1,000 satellites are to be put in low earth orbit between now and the year 2001 and the presence in orbit of vehicles and debris, which are hazard to other...

What are the definitions of "outer space" currently in use, whose definitions they are, whether the military satellites of the United States, Russia and other countries are now operating in "outer space", and if not where, in international law, they are operating.

What are the definitions of "outer space" currently in use, whose definitions they are, whether the military satellites of the United States, Russia and other countries are now operating in "outer space", and if not where, in international law, they are operating.

Why the United Kingdom and other West European governments abstained from the United Nations General Assembly vote in favour of the prevention of an arms race in space and whether this abstention indicates indifference to the militarisation of space in spite of the provisions of Article 1 of the Space...

Why the United Kingdom and other West European governments abstained from the United Nations General Assembly vote in favour of the prevention of an arms race in space and whether this abstention indicates indifference to the militarisation of space in spite of the provisions of Article 1 of the Space...

Whether the 1967 Space Treaty gives the right to individual states to conduct unlimited military espionage and target acquisition on other sovereign states and to develop triggering systems for weapons in or below "outer space"; and, if so, whether they will cite the passages in the treaty text which they...

Whether the 1967 Space Treaty gives the right to individual states to conduct unlimited military espionage and target acquisition on other sovereign states and to develop triggering systems for weapons in or below "outer space"; and, if so, whether they will cite the passages in the treaty text which they...

Whether, further to the Answer given by Baroness Chalker of Wallasey on 2 May (WA 157), they consider the basing of laser and other weapons in space, as currently being developed by the United States, is permitted under the Outer Space Treaty. - Refer to Answers which I gave on...

Whether, further to the Answer given by Baroness Chalker of Wallasey on 2 May (WA 157), they consider the basing of laser and other weapons in space, as currently being developed by the United States, is permitted under the Outer Space Treaty. - Refer to Answers which I gave on...

Whether it has been generally understood by signatories of the space treaty that only those military activities specifically precluded by Article 4 of the space treaty are prohibited and that no other military activity in space is governed by Article 1 of the Treaty. - It is for each party...

Whether it has been generally understood by signatories of the space treaty that only those military activities specifically precluded by Article 4 of the space treaty are prohibited and that no other military activity in space is governed by Article 1 of the Treaty. - It is for each party...