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Session
X
2004-05
Type
House
Session
Year
Department
Member
Primary member
Answering member
Legislative stage
Legislation
Subject
Publisher
To ask the Secretary of State for Health, if he will make an assessment of the protocols put in place for dealing with Group B Streptococcus in pregnant women in (a) Belgium and (b) the United States.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health, if he will make an assessment of the protocols put in place for dealing with Group B Streptococcus in pregnant women in (a) Belgium and (b) the United States.
Asked by
Baroness May of Maidenhead
(Conservative)
Answered by
Stephen Ladyman
(Labour)
Answering body
Department of Health
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
26 November 2004
For answer on
14 December 2004
Answered on
14 December 2004
Mrs. May: To ask the Secretary of State for Health, if he will make an assessment of the protocols put in place for dealing with
Group B Streptococcus in pregnant women in (a) Belgium and (b) the United States. [201014]
Dr. Ladyman: Protocols are in place for dealing with Group B Streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women.
Testing for carriage of GBS, although not obligatory, is almost always performed in Belgium. A doctor who did not screen a pregnant
woman for this problem would be badly viewed by his or her colleagues.
There are no uniform federal protocols in the United States of America for screening pregnant women for Group B Streptococcus.
However, there are numerous guidelines on awareness.
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines recommend universal screening of pregnant women for GBS during the 35
to 37 weeks of pregnancy. This, however, is a recommendation only, and although the CDC makes every effort to bring these good
routines to the attention of the States, there is no federal mandate that enforces compliance.
A number of state officials have each confirmed that these issues are not regulated, but every effort is made to ensure that state
healthcare providers are aware of these CDC recommendations.
It has been estimated from studies in the USA that the current policy of antenatal screening and intravenous antibiotics during
labour has reduced the number of cases of early onset GBS to rates comparable to those in the United Kingdom in the absence of
screening, despite a similar rate of maternal carriage of the organism. Routine antenatal screening for GBS is not recommended in
the UK at present because evidence of its effectiveness remains uncertain. The emphasis is on reducing the rates of infection
through improved management of women most at risk and the UK National Screening Committee is currently taking forward a programme of
work with this aim.
Furthermore screening and the use of prophylactic antibodies carries significant risks of its own, including maternal death due to
adverse reaction and increased antibiotic resistance.
Given that the UK rate of infection without screening is of a comparable order to the US rate, with screening, introduction of
screening cannot be justified in the UK until we have evidence that it would further reduce the UK rate of infection and also do
more good than harm.
Subjects
Disease control; Pregnancy; Screening; USA; Belgium; Streptococcus
Date
14 December 2004
Reference
201014; 428 c1073-4W;428 c1074W
House
House of Commons
To ask the Secretary of State for Health, how many pregnant women were tested on the NHS for group B streptococcus in each of the last three years; how many babies were born having contracted group B Streptococcus from their mother in each of the last three years; how many...
To ask the Secretary of State for Health, how many pregnant women were tested on the NHS for group B streptococcus in each of the last three years; how many babies were born having contracted group B Streptococcus from their mother in each of the last three years; how many...
Asked by
Baroness May of Maidenhead
(Conservative)
Answered by
Stephen Ladyman
(Labour)
Answering body
Department of Health
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
23 November 2004
For answer on
1 December 2004
Answered on
1 December 2004
Mrs. May: To ask the Secretary of State for Health (1) how many pregnant women were tested on the NHS for group B streptococcus in
each of the last three years; [199707]
(2) how many babies were born having contracted group B streptococcus from their mother in each of the last three years; how many of
these (a) died, (b) contracted meningitis and (c) contracted other related conditions; and what the cost of
treating these babies was in each year; [199710]
(3) what estimate he has made of the cost of providing IV antibodies from the onset of labour to all pregnant women identified as
carriers of group B streptococcus. [199711]
Dr. Ladyman: Information relating to the testing of pregnant women for group B streptococcus (GBS) is not centrally available. It is
for local clinicians to decide whether to test individual women for this infection. Guidelines have been issued by the National
Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), as well as the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.
Data on the number of babies who are born having contracted the infection is not collected centrally. However, a descriptive
analysis of cases of GBS infection in which GBS was isolated from blood (bacteraemia) for the year 2003 only, has been published by
the Health
Protection Agency from routine reports received from microbiology laboratories in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. In England
and Wales, a total of 208 cases of GBS bacteraemia occurred in the first week after birth (early onset) and a further 103 cases of
GBS bacteraemia occurred between seven and 90 days after birth (late onset).
A special United Kingdom/Republic of Ireland study of infants up to 90 days old with invasive GBS infection (GBS isolated from a
normally sterile site), diagnosed between 1 February 2000 and 28 February 2001 found a total of 377 cases of GBS
infection that occurred in the first week of life, 53 of who died.
Following on from the latter study, a further study is being conducted in collaboration with the Oxford perinatal epidemiology group
into the economic impact of this infection.
The cost of providing intravenous antibiotics is not currently centrally available. However, this information will be sought as part
of the further work that the National Screening Committee is undertaking on this important topic.
Subjects
Costs; Babies; Antibiotics; Medical treatments; Pregnancy; Screening; Meningitis; Streptococcus
Date
1 December 2004
Reference
428 c130-1W; 199707;199710;199711
House
House of Commons
To ask the Secretary of State for Health, what the cost of administering the test for group B streptococcus to pregnant women is in this financial year; what assessment he has made of (a) the effectiveness and (b) the cost of alternative screening tests for group B streptococcus; and if...
To ask the Secretary of State for Health, what the cost of administering the test for group B streptococcus to pregnant women is in this financial year; what assessment he has made of (a) the effectiveness and (b) the cost of alternative screening tests for group B streptococcus; and if...
Asked by
Baroness May of Maidenhead
(Conservative)
Answered by
Stephen Ladyman
(Labour)
Answering body
Department of Health
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
23 November 2004
For answer on
30 November 2004
Answered on
30 November 2004
Mrs. May: To ask the Secretary of State for Health (1) what the cost of administering the test for group B streptococcus to pregnant
women is in this financial year; [199708]
(2) what assessment he has made of (a) the effectiveness and (b) the cost of alternative screening tests for group B
streptococcus; and if he will make a statement. [199709]
Dr. Ladyman: The National Institute for Clinical Excellence, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the UK
National Screening Committee (NSC) have all recommended that routine screening for group B streptococcus. (GBS) should not be
offered to all pregnant women in the United Kingdom, as there is insufficient evidence that this would do more good than harm.
The NSC is undertaking further work on the prevention of GBS infection in newborn babies. This will include an assessment of the
different diagnostic tests. We do not hold information about national health service costs of administering tests for GBS.
Subjects
Costs; Diagnosis; Pregnancy; Screening; Bacterial diseases; Streptococcus
Date
30 November 2004
Reference
428 c110-1W; 199708;199709
House
House of Commons