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Medical examinations
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Medical examinations (32)
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To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, whether she plans to introduce dental x-rays to help to determine the age of undocumented migrants; and if she will make a statement.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, whether she plans to introduce dental x-rays to help to determine the age of undocumented migrants; and if she will make a statement.
Asked by
Stuart C McDonald
(Scottish National Party)
Answered by
Chris Philp
(Conservative)
Answering body
Home Office
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
7 September 2021
For answer on
10 September 2021
Answered on
10 September 2021
Assessing someone’s age is an extremely challenging task and it is only right we explore how the current system can be improved by harnessing scientific evidence alongside existing methods. We will be guided by the research and evidence on which scientific methods to use.
The UK is one of the only countries in Europe not to use scientific age assessment methods to help determine a person’s age when they arrive into the country. Various scientific methods are used to assess age in, among others, Sweden, Norway, France, Germany and the Netherlands.
We should not underestimate the significant safeguarding risks there are if an adult were to successfully pass themselves off as a child and be placed in young people’s accommodation or schools. It also reduces the resources available to help genuine asylum-seeking children.
We have already laid marker clauses in the Nationality and Borders Bill on the use of scientific methods of age assessment will shortly bring forward amendments with the full clauses at the committee stage in October
Subjects
Age; Undocumented migrants; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
10 September 2021
Reference
44370
House
House of Commons
My Lords, we have been consulting about various proposed changes to the unaccompanied asylum-seeking children system, including whether there is scope to use dental X-ray analysis to assess age. We plan to publish the results of the consultation early in the new year.
My Lords, we have been consulting about various proposed changes to the unaccompanied asylum-seeking children system, including whether there is scope to use dental X-ray analysis to assess age. We plan to publish the results of the consultation early in the new year.
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Asked by
Lord Avebury
(Liberal Democrat)
Type
Oral answers to questions
What representations they have received against the use of X-rays as an aid to age determination in immigration control.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c319
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, we have been following a consultation process. We issued the paper Planning Better Outcomes and Support for Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children in March this year. The consultation period finished at the end of May, and we hoped to publish a response and a summary of what individuals thought, including medical opinions, in October. However, the timetable has slipped because it has taken rather longer than we expected, particularly with regard to funding and local authority funding. We are aware of the opinion of a number of learned doctors. My honourable friend Liam Byrne was invited to speak with a team of them before Christmas, and that will be part of the consultation leading to where we go from here.
My Lords, we have been following a consultation process. We issued the paper Planning Better Outcomes and Support for Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children in March this year. The consultation period finished at the end of May, and we hoped to publish a response and a summary of what individuals thought, including medical opinions, in October. However, the timetable has slipped because it has taken rather longer than we expected, particularly with regard to funding and local authority funding. We are aware of the opinion of a number of learned doctors. My honourable friend Liam Byrne was invited to speak with a team of them before Christmas, and that will be part of the consultation leading to where we go from here.
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Asked by
Lord Avebury
(Liberal Democrat)
Type
Oral answers to questions
My Lords, in the changes to the rules that have now been published there is no mention of medical examinations. Does that mean that, apart from the weighty arguments that have been received by the Government from many expert bodies, such as the BMA, the BDA, the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health and so on, the Government also agree with the opinion expressed by Mr Nicholas Blake QC that it would be unlawful to subject persons claiming to be minors to ionising radiation as, it appears, would have been permitted by the original draft of the rules? I thank the Government for apparently coming to the right decision about X-rays, but would it not have been better to have consulted those professional bodies of experts before publishing the draft?
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c319-20
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, may I return to the noble Lord with detail in writing? I am slightly unsighted on that.
My Lords, may I return to the noble Lord with detail in writing? I am slightly unsighted on that.
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Asked by
Lord Avebury
(Liberal Democrat)
Type
Oral answers to questions
My Lords, the statement on the changes in the immigration rules has just been published and is now law. The original draft of Rule 352 included the possibility of medical examinations with a view to establishing age. In the final version of Rule 352, that does not appear. The conclusion that was drawn by all the agencies was that the Government had dropped the proposal. If they go ahead with dental X-rays, do they intend to publish yet another statement of changes in the rules?
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c321
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, is it a fact that all our immigration controls now go to Brussels as a result of the Lisbon treaty?
My Lords, is it a fact that all our immigration controls now go to Brussels as a result of the Lisbon treaty?
Asked by
Earl Ferrers
(Conservative)
Oral questions - Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
13 December 2007
My Lords, that is not correct. We are not fully part of the Schengen agreement. Although the EU has issued a procedures directive there is further work to be done. We have not yet decided fully that dental X-rays are the right procedure and therefore we do not think it is wise to include those EU changes in our rules at the moment. We shall have to wait until we have further consultation.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c321
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, the statement on the changes in the immigration rules has just been published and is now law. The original draft of Rule 352 included the possibility of medical examinations with a view to establishing age. In the final version of Rule 352, that does not appear. The conclusion that was drawn by all the agencies was that the Government had dropped the proposal. If they go ahead with dental X-rays, do they intend to publish yet another statement of changes in the rules?
My Lords, the statement on the changes in the immigration rules has just been published and is now law. The original draft of Rule 352 included the possibility of medical examinations with a view to establishing age. In the final version of Rule 352, that does not appear. The conclusion that was drawn by all the agencies was that the Government had dropped the proposal. If they go ahead with dental X-rays, do they intend to publish yet another statement of changes in the rules?
Asked by
Lord Avebury
(Liberal Democrat)
Oral questions - Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
13 December 2007
My Lords, may I return to the noble Lord with detail in writing? I am slightly unsighted on that.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c321
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, we are aware of the point raised by my noble friend, although all the experts we have talked with agree that the risks to health from this radiation are negligible. It is a common procedure in dentistry.
My Lords, we are aware of the point raised by my noble friend, although all the experts we have talked with agree that the risks to health from this radiation are negligible. It is a common procedure in dentistry.
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Asked by
Baroness Whitaker
(Labour)
Type
Oral answers to questions
My Lords, is my noble friend aware that there is a general opinion that X-rays that are not advisable for medical reasons should be discontinued?
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c320
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, that is not correct. We are not fully part of the Schengen agreement. Although the EU has issued a procedures directive there is further work to be done. We have not yet decided fully that dental X-rays are the right procedure and therefore we do not think it is wise to include those EU changes in our rules at the moment. We shall have to wait until we have further consultation.
My Lords, that is not correct. We are not fully part of the Schengen agreement. Although the EU has issued a procedures directive there is further work to be done. We have not yet decided fully that dental X-rays are the right procedure and therefore we do not think it is wise to include those EU changes in our rules at the moment. We shall have to wait until we have further consultation.
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Asked by
Earl Ferrers
(Conservative)
Type
Oral answers to questions
My Lords, is it a fact that all our immigration controls now go to Brussels as a result of the Lisbon treaty?
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c321
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, the noble Baroness is correct. In about 95 per cent of cases it is within plus or minus two years, but this technique, combined with a social worker’s assessment and other techniques, can narrow down the possible range of ages. It is therefore a useful tool. People sometimes use dental X-rays to try to prove their own age. They are also used by many EU countries. However, it is because of the concern that has been expressed that we are having further consultation. The technique is part of a package of measures that will enable us to identify the age of immigrants.
My Lords, the noble Baroness is correct. In about 95 per cent of cases it is within plus or minus two years, but this technique, combined with a social worker’s assessment and other techniques, can narrow down the possible range of ages. It is therefore a useful tool. People sometimes use dental X-rays to try to prove their own age. They are also used by many EU countries. However, it is because of the concern that has been expressed that we are having further consultation. The technique is part of a package of measures that will enable us to identify the age of immigrants.
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Asked by
Baroness Hanham
(Conservative)
Type
Oral answers to questions
My Lords, how accurate is dental age profiling perceived to be? Does the Minister agree with the Children’s Commissioner that such X-rays have a margin of error of about two years, which might produce fairly inaccurate results on children seeking asylum?
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c320
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, how accurate is dental age profiling perceived to be? Does the Minister agree with the Children’s Commissioner that such X-rays have a margin of error of about two years, which might produce fairly inaccurate results on children seeking asylum?
My Lords, how accurate is dental age profiling perceived to be? Does the Minister agree with the Children’s Commissioner that such X-rays have a margin of error of about two years, which might produce fairly inaccurate results on children seeking asylum?
Asked by
Baroness Hanham
(Conservative)
Oral questions - Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
13 December 2007
My Lords, the noble Baroness is correct. In about 95 per cent of cases it is within plus or minus two years, but this technique, combined with a social worker’s assessment and other techniques, can narrow down the possible range of ages. It is therefore a useful tool. People sometimes use dental X-rays to try to prove their own age. They are also used by many EU countries. However, it is because of the concern that has been expressed that we are having further consultation. The technique is part of a package of measures that will enable us to identify the age of immigrants.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c320
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, I admit I am not an expert in reading dental plates but I am assured it is plus or minus two years. As I say, in conjunction with the other methods we use, it is a useful tool. This is why we are continuing the consultation. It would be wonderful if there was a magic bullet which allowed us to identify age exactly. The cost of dealing with these people who are not children is about £140 million a year—which is quite a lot of money—and there are also these risks to youngsters. We must push on to try to do the best we can on this.
My Lords, I admit I am not an expert in reading dental plates but I am assured it is plus or minus two years. As I say, in conjunction with the other methods we use, it is a useful tool. This is why we are continuing the consultation. It would be wonderful if there was a magic bullet which allowed us to identify age exactly. The cost of dealing with these people who are not children is about £140 million a year—which is quite a lot of money—and there are also these risks to youngsters. We must push on to try to do the best we can on this.
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Asked by
Lord Colwyn
(Conservative)
Type
Oral answers to questions
My Lords, I have been trying to read dental X-rays for about 40 years. Once the wisdom teeth have been removed it would be impossible to tell how old a patient is from looking at dental X-rays.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c321
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, that is correct. Indeed, we bend over backwards to ensure that the error tends to be the other way. That is why I am concerned about these child protection issues. The number of children who have been returned to any country is very small. We are careful not to use X-rays as the sole data, but they are useful. We are still consulting and this might not be the final outcome. We must wait until the paper comes out in the spring.
My Lords, that is correct. Indeed, we bend over backwards to ensure that the error tends to be the other way. That is why I am concerned about these child protection issues. The number of children who have been returned to any country is very small. We are careful not to use X-rays as the sole data, but they are useful. We are still consulting and this might not be the final outcome. We must wait until the paper comes out in the spring.
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Asked by
Lord Campbell-Savours
(Labour)
Type
Oral answers to questions
My Lords, if the margin of error can be as much as two years, can we be assured that no decisions will be taken on these matters exclusively on the basis of such data?
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c321
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, if the margin of error can be as much as two years, can we be assured that no decisions will be taken on these matters exclusively on the basis of such data?
My Lords, if the margin of error can be as much as two years, can we be assured that no decisions will be taken on these matters exclusively on the basis of such data?
Asked by
Lord Campbell-Savours
(Labour)
Oral questions - Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
13 December 2007
My Lords, that is correct. Indeed, we bend over backwards to ensure that the error tends to be the other way. That is why I am concerned about these child protection issues. The number of children who have been returned to any country is very small. We are careful not to use X-rays as the sole data, but they are useful. We are still consulting and this might not be the final outcome. We must wait until the paper comes out in the spring.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c321
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, I have been trying to read dental X-rays for about 40 years. Once the wisdom teeth have been removed it would be impossible to tell how old a patient is from looking at dental X-rays.
My Lords, I have been trying to read dental X-rays for about 40 years. Once the wisdom teeth have been removed it would be impossible to tell how old a patient is from looking at dental X-rays.
Asked by
Lord Colwyn
(Conservative)
Oral questions - Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
13 December 2007
My Lords, I admit I am not an expert in reading dental plates but I am assured it is plus or minus two years. As I say, in conjunction with the other methods we use, it is a useful tool. This is why we are continuing the consultation. It would be wonderful if there was a magic bullet which allowed us to identify age exactly. The cost of dealing with these people who are not children is about £140 million a year—which is quite a lot of money—and there are also these risks to youngsters. We must push on to try to do the best we can on this.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c321
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, is my noble friend aware that there is a general opinion that X-rays that are not advisable for medical reasons should be discontinued?
My Lords, is my noble friend aware that there is a general opinion that X-rays that are not advisable for medical reasons should be discontinued?
Asked by
Baroness Whitaker
(Labour)
Oral questions - Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
13 December 2007
My Lords, we are aware of the point raised by my noble friend, although all the experts we have talked with agree that the risks to health from this radiation are negligible. It is a common procedure in dentistry.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c320
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, the Minister said that it was plus or minus two years. When you are trying to establish the age of an unaccompanied child for immigration purposes, that is very unsatisfactory. Have not two local authorities piloted other procedures which are satisfactory? Is the Minister aware of them?
My Lords, the Minister said that it was plus or minus two years. When you are trying to establish the age of an unaccompanied child for immigration purposes, that is very unsatisfactory. Have not two local authorities piloted other procedures which are satisfactory? Is the Minister aware of them?
Asked by
Baroness Miller of Chilthorne Domer
(Liberal Democrat)
Oral questions - Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
13 December 2007
My Lords, as I stated, we use the X-ray technique in conjunction with other measures such as social workers talking to these people and assessing their age by other means. When these are put together as a package it is very useful. We are talking about significant numbers of people coming in and claiming to be of this age. About 3,000 unaccompanied children come into the country every year and in the region of 1,000 to 2,000 people claim to be of this age. There are very serious issues here. If we put an adult into the children’s arena it raises serious child protection issues when he gains access to their support, accommodation and so on. It is extremely important to try to narrow down the age.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c320
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, as I stated, we use the X-ray technique in conjunction with other measures such as social workers talking to these people and assessing their age by other means. When these are put together as a package it is very useful. We are talking about significant numbers of people coming in and claiming to be of this age. About 3,000 unaccompanied children come into the country every year and in the region of 1,000 to 2,000 people claim to be of this age. There are very serious issues here. If we put an adult into the children’s arena it raises serious child protection issues when he gains access to their support, accommodation and so on. It is extremely important to try to narrow down the age.
My Lords, as I stated, we use the X-ray technique in conjunction with other measures such as social workers talking to these people and assessing their age by other means. When these are put together as a package it is very useful. We are talking about significant numbers of people coming in and claiming to be of this age. About 3,000 unaccompanied children come into the country every year and in the region of 1,000 to 2,000 people claim to be of this age. There are very serious issues here. If we put an adult into the children’s arena it raises serious child protection issues when he gains access to their support, accommodation and so on. It is extremely important to try to narrow down the age.
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Asked by
Baroness Miller of Chilthorne Domer
(Liberal Democrat)
Type
Oral answers to questions
My Lords, the Minister said that it was plus or minus two years. When you are trying to establish the age of an unaccompanied child for immigration purposes, that is very unsatisfactory. Have not two local authorities piloted other procedures which are satisfactory? Is the Minister aware of them?
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c320
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
What representations they have received against the use of X-rays as an aid to age determination in immigration control.
What representations they have received against the use of X-rays as an aid to age determination in immigration control.
Asked by
Lord Avebury
(Liberal Democrat)
Answered by
Lord West of Spithead
(Labour)
Oral questions - Lead
Status
Answered
For answer on
13 December 2007
Answered on
13 December 2007
My Lords, we have been consulting about various proposed changes to the unaccompanied asylum-seeking children system, including whether there is scope to use dental X-ray analysis to assess age. We plan to publish the results of the consultation early in the new year.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c319
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
My Lords, in the changes to the rules that have now been published there is no mention of medical examinations. Does that mean that, apart from the weighty arguments that have been received by the Government from many expert bodies, such as the BMA, the BDA, the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health and so on, the Government also agree with the opinion expressed by Mr Nicholas Blake QC that it would be unlawful to subject persons claiming to be minors to ionising radiation as, it appears, would have been permitted by the original draft of the rules? I thank the Government for apparently coming to the right decision about X-rays, but would it not have been better to have consulted those professional bodies of experts before publishing the draft?
My Lords, in the changes to the rules that have now been published there is no mention of medical examinations. Does that mean that, apart from the weighty arguments that have been received by the Government from many expert bodies, such as the BMA, the BDA, the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health and so on, the Government also agree with the opinion expressed by Mr Nicholas Blake QC that it would be unlawful to subject persons claiming to be minors to ionising radiation as, it appears, would have been permitted by the original draft of the rules? I thank the Government for apparently coming to the right decision about X-rays, but would it not have been better to have consulted those professional bodies of experts before publishing the draft?
Asked by
Lord Avebury
(Liberal Democrat)
Oral questions - 1st Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
13 December 2007
My Lords, we have been following a consultation process. We issued the paper Planning Better Outcomes and Support for Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children in March this year. The consultation period finished at the end of May, and we hoped to publish a response and a summary of what individuals thought, including medical opinions, in October. However, the timetable has slipped because it has taken rather longer than we expected, particularly with regard to funding and local authority funding. We are aware of the opinion of a number of learned doctors. My honourable friend Liam Byrne was invited to speak with a team of them before Christmas, and that will be part of the consultation leading to where we go from here.
Subjects
Children; Asylum; Age; Immigration controls; Medical examinations; X-rays
Date
13 December 2007
Reference
697 c319-20
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
To ask the Secretary of State for Health, whether a chest x-ray is mandatory at a port of entry for immigration in the United Kingdom where it is clinically indicated.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health, whether a chest x-ray is mandatory at a port of entry for immigration in the United Kingdom where it is clinically indicated.
Asked by
Andrew Murrison
(Conservative)
Answered by
Melanie Johnson
(Labour)
Answering body
Department of Health
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
13 May 2004
For answer on
7 June 2004
Answered on
7 June 2004
Dr. Murrison: To ask the Secretary of State for Health whether a chest x-ray is mandatory at a port of entry for immigration in the
United Kingdom where it is clinically indicated. [174002]
Miss Melanie Johnson: It is a matter for the clinical judgment of the medical inspector at a port of entry whether to refer a person
seeking entry to the United Kingdom for an x-ray or other diagnostic examination. Medical inspectors are also able to pass entrants'
details to the national health service at their destination address, so that any further can be offered locally.
Subjects
Immigration; Migrants; Medical examinations; X-rays; Respiratory system
Date
7 June 2004
Reference
422 c145W; 174002
House
House of Commons