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My Lords, I too thank our committee team and specialist adviser for their excellent work on this report, and the noble Baroness, Lady Scott of Needham Market, for her leadership of the committee and her introduction to this debate.
As we have heard, digital technology has grown quickly since the pandemic....
My Lords, I too thank our committee team and specialist adviser for their excellent work on this report, and the noble Baroness, Lady Scott of Needham Market, for her leadership of the committee and her introduction to this debate.
As we have heard, digital technology has grown quickly since the pandemic....
My Lords, I too thank the noble Lord, Lord Alton, for securing this timely and important debate and I thank the House of Lords Library for its extremely helpful briefing. It is also a privilege to follow the noble Baroness and to acknowledge all the great work she does in...
My Lords, I too thank the noble Lord, Lord Alton, for securing this timely and important debate and I thank the House of Lords Library for its extremely helpful briefing. It is also a privilege to follow the noble Baroness and to acknowledge all the great work she does in...
My Lords, I thank my noble friend the Minister for her clear and concise introduction to this debate, and I refer the House to my golf interest as listed in the register. It is a pleasure to speak at Second Reading and to welcome the Bill. I support its central...
My Lords, I thank my noble friend the Minister for her clear and concise introduction to this debate, and I refer the House to my golf interest as listed in the register. It is a pleasure to speak at Second Reading and to welcome the Bill. I support its central...
To ask His Majesty’s Government what steps they are taking to promote equality as part of their Break Down Barriers to Opportunity mission.
To ask His Majesty’s Government what steps they are taking to promote equality as part of their Break Down Barriers to Opportunity mission.
My Lords, our mission is to break the link between background and success, creating a Britain where ambition has no limits and opportunity is fair for all. That is why the recent Every Child Achieving and Thriving White Paper sets our ambition to raise standards for all children and to halve the disadvantaged attainment gap between poorer children and their peers at the end of secondary school, ensuring that where you come from does not determine where you are headed.
I thank the Minister for her reply. Research shows that early years inequalities account for almost half of the disadvantage gap by the age of five, and that although the UK has historically high levels of employment overall, the Government have inherited nearly 1 million young people who are not in education, employment or training. Can the Minister say what cross-departmental strategy the Government are pursuing to ensure that children receive sustained support throughout childhood and adolescence, so that none risks falling through the gap at any stage?
I thank the Minister for her reply. Research shows that early years inequalities account for almost half of the disadvantage gap by the age of five, and that although the UK has historically high levels of employment overall, the Government have inherited nearly 1 million young people who are not in education, employment or training. Can the Minister say what cross-departmental strategy the Government are pursuing to ensure that children receive sustained support throughout childhood and adolescence, so that none risks falling through the gap at any stage?
As my noble friend rightly said, the routes to success in adulthood start early in life. For this reason, we are working with the Department of Health, the Department for Work and Pensions, the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, DCMS and the Treasury to deliver our ambitious agenda to give every child the best start in life, to enable an inclusive school experience, and to help young people develop their skills and talents. Our best start in life strategy and the Post-16 Education and Skills White Paper set out how we are delivering on early years and post-16 commitments.
To ask His Majesty's Government how many people from (1) Afghanistan, (2) Cameroon, (3) Myanmar, (4) Sudan, (5) China, and (6) Nigeria, are in the UK on student visas.
To ask His Majesty's Government how many people from (1) Afghanistan, (2) Cameroon, (3) Myanmar, (4) Sudan, (5) China, and (6) Nigeria, are in the UK on student visas.
The Home Office publishes data on entry clearance visas and in-country extensions by visa type and nationality in the ‘Immigration System Statistics Quarterly Release’. Table 1 contains data on the requested nationalities for sponsored study visa grants and table 2 contains data on the requested nationalities for extensions on sponsored study visas. The data provided is for main applicants and dependants. Not everyone granted a visa, or extension, will currently be in the UK. The latest data is up to the end of December 2025.
The Home Office publishes the Migrant Journey report which provides data on the number of individuals who hold valid Study-related leave, by nationality, at the end of a given year within their immigration journey. Data on the number of migrants holding valid leave on a study route at the end of a given year are published in table MJ_D01 of the Migrant Journey detailed dataset and table 3. Not everyone with valid leave will currently be in the UK – the dataset counts people with valid immigration status rather than confirmed presence in the country. The latest data is up to the end of December 2024.
Table 1 – Grants on Sponsored Study Student visas, year ending 2021 to year ending 2025
Nationality | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
Afghanistan | 329 | 819 | 1,853 | 454 | 277 |
Cameroon | 411 | 537 | 568 | 385 | 536 |
Myanmar | 487 | 1,124 | 1,575 | 1,778 | 2,084 |
Sudan | 308 | 341 | 290 | 262 | 242 |
China | 119,045 | 103,804 | 109,974 | 104,626 | 89,272 |
Nigeria | 42,969 | 118,896 | 95,498 | 27,170 | 37,090 |
Table 2 – Grants on Sponsored Study Student extensions, year ending 2021 to year ending 2025
Nationality | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
Afghanistan | 10 | 17 | 37 | 13 | 45 |
Cameroon | 59 | 39 | 64 | 56 | 44 |
Myanmar | 79 | 178 | 294 | 227 | 279 |
Sudan | 64 | 75 | 101 | 54 | 47 |
China | 8,770 | 23,442 | 14,704 | 12,734 | 11,076 |
Nigeria | 3,788 | 4,707 | 5,015 | 4,649 | 3,894 |
Table 3 – Number of journeys where an individual held sponsored study leave at the end of 2024
Nationality | Journeys |
Afghanistan | 1,255 |
Cameroon | 885 |
Myanmar | 3,009 |
Sudan | 583 |
China | 221,855 |
Nigeria | 89,022 |
My Lords, I too would like to pay tribute to the wonderful maiden speeches from the women today. I have had the privilege of working with all of them—in the case of my noble friend Lady Linforth,
for too many years to mention. I feel somehow that a new APPG...
My Lords, I too would like to pay tribute to the wonderful maiden speeches from the women today. I have had the privilege of working with all of them—in the case of my noble friend Lady Linforth,
for too many years to mention. I feel somehow that a new APPG...
To ask His Majesty's Government what recent steps they have taken to cut off revenue, arms and equipment to the Burmese military.
To ask His Majesty's Government what recent steps they have taken to cut off revenue, arms and equipment to the Burmese military.
Since 2021, the UK Government has enacted 19 sanctions packages, including 10 individual sanctions targeting the import of aviation fuel into Myanmar. We have also sanctioned 25 individuals and 39 entities targeting the regime's access to finance, arms and equipment, none of which is Chinese. We keep all evidence and potential designations under close review. It would not be appropriate to speculate about potential future sanctions designations as to do so could reduce their impact.
To ask His Majesty's Government, following the imposition of sanctions by the United States of America in January, whether they have considered imposing similar sanctions on Mytel, a mobile network and joint venture of the Burmese and Vietnamese militaries.
To ask His Majesty's Government, following the imposition of sanctions by the United States of America in January, whether they have considered imposing similar sanctions on Mytel, a mobile network and joint venture of the Burmese and Vietnamese militaries.
Since 2021, the UK Government has enacted 19 sanctions packages, including 10 individual sanctions targeting the import of aviation fuel into Myanmar. We have also sanctioned 25 individuals and 39 entities targeting the regime's access to finance, arms and equipment, none of which is Chinese. We keep all evidence and potential designations under close review. It would not be appropriate to speculate about potential future sanctions designations as to do so could reduce their impact.
To ask His Majesty's Government how many Chinese companies they have sanctioned for supplying arms and equipment to the Burmese military.
To ask His Majesty's Government how many Chinese companies they have sanctioned for supplying arms and equipment to the Burmese military.
Since 2021, the UK Government has enacted 19 sanctions packages, including 10 individual sanctions targeting the import of aviation fuel into Myanmar. We have also sanctioned 25 individuals and 39 entities targeting the regime's access to finance, arms and equipment, none of which is Chinese. We keep all evidence and potential designations under close review. It would not be appropriate to speculate about potential future sanctions designations as to do so could reduce their impact.
To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to develop a strategic vision for the future of sport in the UK.
To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to develop a strategic vision for the future of sport in the UK.
The Government is clear that sport has a fundamental role to play in delivering its Plan for Change whether through getting the nation more active, driving growth through our world leading sport sector or tackling issues such as youth violence by offering positive routes of engagement.
We are committed to working in partnership with the sport sector to maximise the role it has to play across our society.
To ask His Majesty’s Government what steps they are taking to mark International Women’s Day on 8 March.
To ask His Majesty’s Government what steps they are taking to mark International Women’s Day on 8 March.
On International Women’s Day, and in fact on every day of the year, this Government are accelerating action under our Plan for Change to put more money in the pockets of working women and create more opportunity in the workplace and to ensure that women are safe on our streets and in their communities. We will be calling on employers to take action to help tackle the barriers that still prevent too many women from succeeding in the workplace. All government departments have a key role to play in delivering our key mission for equality.
I thank my noble friend for that Answer. The House will know that it is now 50 years since the Equal Pay Act was implemented, but recent figures from the PwC index of OECD countries show that the UK has the lowest ranking for a decade and on that trend it will take another 50 years to achieve equality. Does the Minister agree that one of the most important ways to promote economic growth is to accelerate action to close the gender pay gap?
I thank my noble friend for that Answer. The House will know that it is now 50 years since the Equal Pay Act was implemented, but recent figures from the PwC index of OECD countries show that the UK has the lowest ranking for a decade and on that trend it will take another 50 years to achieve equality. Does the Minister agree that one of the most important ways to promote economic growth is to accelerate action to close the gender pay gap?
I thank my noble friend for all the work that she has done in this area over many years. This Government are committed to strengthening equal pay and ending pay discrimination. We will make the right to equal pay effective by putting in place measures to ensure that outsourcing of services can no longer be used by employers to avoid paying equal pay, and we will implement a regulatory and enforcement unit for equal pay. My noble friend is right about the importance of closing the gender pay gap, which is why, as part of the Employment Rights Bill, we are taking the first steps towards requiring large employers to produce action plans covering steps they are taking on the gender pay gap and menopause support.
My Lords, I warmly congratulate my noble friend on a powerful and very moving maiden speech. He will bring a wealth of experience to this House. My noble friend Lord Kinnock, one of his supporters, described him as being equally at home in the senior common room of an Oxbridge...
My Lords, I warmly congratulate my noble friend on a powerful and very moving maiden speech. He will bring a wealth of experience to this House. My noble friend Lord Kinnock, one of his supporters, described him as being equally at home in the senior common room of an Oxbridge...
To ask His Majesty's Government what plans they have to enable GPs to prescribe antivirals, including Paxlovid, for the treatment of Covid in accordance with NICE evaluations.
To ask His Majesty's Government what plans they have to enable GPs to prescribe antivirals, including Paxlovid, for the treatment of Covid in accordance with NICE evaluations.
Decisions on whether licensed medicines, including antivirals for COVID-19, should be recommended for routine National Health Service funding are made independently by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), on the basis of the evidence of costs and benefits.
The NICE recommends the antiviral Paxlovid, a combination of nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir, as an option for treating COVID-19 in adults, only if they do not need supplemental oxygen for COVID-19, and they have any of the following:
- an increased risk for progression to severe COVID-19, as defined in the guidance;
- are aged 70 years old and over;
- a body mass index of 35 kilogram per square metre or more;
- diabetes; or
- heart failure.
A phased implementation of the NICE’s recommendations on Paxlovid has been agreed, to allow more time for the NHS to put in place the capacity and infrastructure needed for the full rollout to all eligible patients. Prescribers, including general practitioners, are currently able to prescribe Paxlovid to NHS patients at the highest risk of severe COVID-19, in line with the approach to rollout set out in the NICE’s guidance.
To ask His Majesty's Government why Russian companies supplying aircraft parts to the Myanmar military have been sanctioned while Chinese companies supplying jets have not.
To ask His Majesty's Government why Russian companies supplying aircraft parts to the Myanmar military have been sanctioned while Chinese companies supplying jets have not.
Since the coup in February 2021, the UK has announced sanctions on 25 individuals and 39 entities under the Myanmar Sanctions Regulations, targeting the military's access to resources, funds and equipment. We keep all evidence and potential designations under close review, and it would not be appropriate to speculate about future sanctions as to do so could reduce their impact. The UK is clear that countries should not sell arms, including aircraft parts, to the Myanmar military.
My Lords, the Minister will know that the Rohingya, one of the most marginalised groups in the world, received much-needed sanctuary from the Bangladeshi Government after the ethnic cleansing by the military in Burma. They are living in terrible conditions in Cox’s Bazar. In light of the continuing and escalating conflict in Myanmar, especially in Rakhine state, and the new influx of Rohingya refugees into Bangladesh, are the Government reviewing the cuts in British aid undertaken by the previous Government for the Rohingya and the surrounding Bangladeshi communities in Cox’s Bazar?
My Lords, the Minister will know that the Rohingya, one of the most marginalised groups in the world, received much-needed sanctuary from the Bangladeshi Government after the ethnic cleansing by the military in Burma. They are living in terrible conditions in Cox’s Bazar. In light of the continuing and escalating conflict in Myanmar, especially in Rakhine state, and the new influx of Rohingya refugees into Bangladesh, are the Government reviewing the cuts in British aid undertaken by the previous Government for the Rohingya and the surrounding Bangladeshi communities in Cox’s Bazar?
We will continue to support Rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar and elsewhere in Bangladesh. The UK is a leading donor to the Rohingya response. Since 2017 we have provided more than £391 million for the Rohingya and host communities in Bangladesh, and nearly £30 million for the Rohingya and other Muslim minorities in Rakhine state. UK advocacy has helped to improve Rohingya lives in Bangladesh’s camps, including through the establishment of the Myanmar education curriculum for children and frameworks allowing skills training for adults. I assure the noble Baroness that we will continue to stress the importance of providing education and livelihood opportunities for the Rohingya refugees to their well-being. Education and skills training are fundamental to the refugees being able to lead safe, fulfilling and meaningful lives.
My Lords, it is a real pleasure to follow that excellent maiden speech from my noble friend Lord Shamash. My noble friend has been a devoted public servant, and I and many colleagues across both Houses have had the benefit of his wise counsel over many years. I know his...
My Lords, it is a real pleasure to follow that excellent maiden speech from my noble friend Lord Shamash. My noble friend has been a devoted public servant, and I and many colleagues across both Houses have had the benefit of his wise counsel over many years. I know his...
To ask His Majesty's Government whether they have reviewed contingency plans for British citizens and embassy staff in Myanmar to address any possible collapse or defeat of the Myanmar military.
To ask His Majesty's Government whether they have reviewed contingency plans for British citizens and embassy staff in Myanmar to address any possible collapse or defeat of the Myanmar military.
The FCDO requires all our Missions overseas to have the right crisis practices, procedures, systems and structures in place to respond to a range of scenarios overseas. The British Embassy Yangon has such plans which are regularly reviewed. We continue to monitor the situation in Myanmar closely. We advise all British Nationals in Myanmar to pay close attention to the FCDO's travel advice for Myanmar.
My Lords, I declare an interest as a trustee of the Burma Campaign UK. All leaders of the Rohingya community associations have led calls for the British Government, as the penholder on Burma at the UN, to take action. If the British Government are not going to convene a meeting of the UN Security Council to address the failing of the Burmese military to take measures as instructed by the ICJ to prevent further ongoing genocide against
the Rohingya, what action are the Government taking to ensure a level of protection for the Rohingya remaining in Myanmar?
My Lords, I declare an interest as a trustee of the Burma Campaign UK. All leaders of the Rohingya community associations have led calls for the British Government, as the penholder on Burma at the UN, to take action. If the British Government are not going to convene a meeting of the UN Security Council to address the failing of the Burmese military to take measures as instructed by the ICJ to prevent further ongoing genocide against
the Rohingya, what action are the Government taking to ensure a level of protection for the Rohingya remaining in Myanmar?
The noble Baroness is entirely right: we are the penholder, and we take that duty very seriously. We have taken a range of action on this. Fundamentally, we are making sure that aid is going in—and I have just said what our contribution has been—and, secondly, that proper authorities are put in place to stop gender-based violence, collect evidence from the camps and make sure that people are held accountable. The third part of the strategy must be to put pressure on the Government to recognise that this country needs to have proper provision for all its ethnic minorities and parts, and to make sure that there is, effectively, a peace process and a more inclusive set of arrangements for the country, so that everyone can feel that they have a part in its future. Ultimately, no one wants the Rohingya to have to stay in Bangladesh; they should be able to go home.