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Type
House
Session
Year
Department
Member
Primary member
Answering member
Legislative stage
Legislation
Subject
More
Publisher
Deposited by
Attorney General
Type
Deposited papers
Author
Attorney General
Committed on
22 December 2004
Originated on
21 December 2004
Received on
22 December 2004
Subjects
Criminal proceedings; Criminal investigation; Appeals; Death; Convictions; Crown Prosecution Service; Babies; Court of Appeal; Criminal Cases Review Commission; Infanticide; Judgements; Parents; Prosecutions; Miscarriages of justice; Expert evidence; Cot deaths; Cannings, Angela; Clark, Sally; Patel, Trupti
Commons Library location
Dep 05/108;Research Sc 618.92,P;Research HA 345.05, P (Dec 04)
Lords Library location
HDEP 2004/856
Date
22 December 2004
Reference
Dep 05/108
House
House of Commons; House of Lords
To ask the Solicitor General, if she will make a statement on the implications of the Angela Cannings case for the Crown Prosecution Service; what guidance she has issued to Chief Crown prosecutors about cases involving mothers accused of killing their infant children; and whether she expects to issue new...
To ask the Solicitor General, if she will make a statement on the implications of the Angela Cannings case for the Crown Prosecution Service; what guidance she has issued to Chief Crown prosecutors about cases involving mothers accused of killing their infant children; and whether she expects to issue new...
Asked by
George Osborne
(Conservative)
Answered by
Baroness Harman
(Labour)
Answering body
Solicitor General
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
12 December 2003
For answer on
14 January 2004
Answered on
14 January 2004
Mr. George Osborne: To ask the Solicitor General (1) if she will make a statement on the implications of the Angela Cannings case
for the Crown Prosecution Service; [144510]
(2) what guidance she has issued to Chief Crown prosecutors about cases involving mothers accused of killing their infant children;
and whether she expects to issue new guidance; [144511]
(3) how many mothers were charged with infanticide in each of the last 20 years; and how many mothers were charged with murder of
their own children in each of the last 20 years; [144512]
(4) if the Crown Prosecution Service will review family court cases in which evidence was given by Professor Meadow; [144516]
(5) when the inter-departmental group she established to consider the implications of the Sally Clarke case will decide whether to
review cases involving Professor Meadow; [144517]
(6) in how many family court cases evidence was given by Professor Meadow; [144518]
(7) when she expects the Crown Prosecution Service to conclude its review of the cases in which Dr. Alan Williams conducted a post
mortem; [144519]
(8) what the total cost to public funds of the prosecution of Sally Clarke, Angela Cannings and Trupti Patel has been. [144524]
The Solicitor-General: We are awaiting the full written judgment of the Court of Appeal in the Angela Cannings case and therefore it
is not possible to make a detailed statement on the implications at this stage.
At the Court of Appeal hearing, Lord Justice Judge expressed concern about the difficulties for the trial jury in resolving issues
regarding complex scientific evidence in relation to infant death when the present state of scientific knowledge is evolving.
He went on to state that the appeal had raised a number of issues of general public interest in relation to infant deaths and the
Court of Appeal would therefore need time to reflect on the terms of its judgment.
The Crown Prosecution Service has taken note of these comments and will study the full judgment carefully when it is released.
Since the written reasons of the Court of Appeal in the case of Sally Clark were made available, and following the acquittal of
Trupti Patel, the Crown Prosecution Service has undertaken a number of actions. Interim guidance was sent to all Chief Crown
Prosecutors on 17 June 2003 requesting that all cases be identified in which either Doctor Williams or Professor Meadow are
witnesses and requiring them to serve a copy of the judgement in the Sally Clark case on the defence and to draw attention to
sections of the judgement touching on their evidence.
Following the appeal of Sally Clark, the Attorney General established a Group comprising representatives of the police, Crown
Prosecution Service, Home Office and other relevant agencies to consider whether any cases in which Doctor Williams has given
important evidence require a more in depth review.
On 28 July, the Group held its first meeting. Progress was made in two areas. Firstly, on how previous cases in which Doctor Alan
Williams conducted a post mortem were to be identified and, secondly, what factors would be used to select the cases on which the
Group should concentrate.
Following that meeting, work commenced immediately on the identification of relevant cases. The Group met a deadline of
mid-September for the conclusion of that process. By that date, approximately 50 previous cases had been identified, which dated
back between five-seven years. These cases all involved charges of murder, manslaughter or infanticide where Doctor Williams had
been instructed by the police to conduct the post mortem and which had resulted in a conviction. The cases themselves are now being
individually reviewed. An experienced Metropolitan police officer and a Crown Prosecutor are conducting the review. This work is
continuing.
When the full written judgement in Angela Cannings is published, the same group will consider whether to extend the review to
include cases involving Professor Meadow.
The total cost incurred by the Crown Prosecution Service in the case of Sally Clark will eventually be approximately £320,000. That
figure comprises counsels' fees, expert witness costs and approximately £50,000 is estimated as being attributable to Crown
Prosecution Service staff costs.
The costs of the Trupti Patel case are approximately £183,716.63. We cannot provide an estimate of CPS costs for this case at this
stage, however, I will write to the hon. Member with those details once known.
The costs of the Angela Cannings case have not yet been settled. However, it is estimated that prosecution costs arising from the
original trial and the subsequent appeal will be in the region of £220,000.
Owing to the way CPS records arc kept, figures on the number of mothers charged with infanticide and mothers charged with the murder
of their own children cannot be produced without incurring disproportionate costs.
The Crown Prosecution Service was set up by the Prosecution of Offences Act 1985 to take over the conduct of criminal cases
instituted by the police (other than some minor cases). It has no statutory power to initiate a review of family court cases in
which evidence was given by Professor Meadow.
Information on the number of cases in the Family Court in which Professor Meadow has given evidence is not held centrally. The Crown
is not usually party to Family Court cases.
No guidance to Crown. Prosecutors relating specifically to mothers accused of killing their infant children has been issued.
Subjects
Appeals; Costs; Convictions; Crown Prosecution Service; Babies; Court of Appeal; Expenditure; Homicide; Infanticide; Judgements; Miscarriages of justice; Mothers; Expert evidence; Cot deaths; Trials; Cannings, Angela; Clark, Sally; Meadow, Roy; Patel, Trupti
Date
14 January 2004
Reference
416 c793-5W;416 c791-3W; 144510;144511;144512;144516;144517;144518;144519;144524
House
House of Commons
1st supplementary on the evidence of Sir Roy Meadows and the use of statistical probabilities.
1st supplementary on the evidence of Sir Roy Meadows and the use of statistical probabilities.
Asked by
Lord Lamont of Lerwick
(Conservative)
Oral questions - 1st Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
7 January 2004
Subjects
Criminal proceedings; Convictions; Babies; Family courts; Infanticide; Miscarriages of justice; Mothers; Expert evidence; Cot deaths; Statistics; Cannings, Angela; Clark, Sally; Meadow, Roy; Patel, Trupti
Date
7 January 2004
Reference
656 c172-4
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
Answered by
Lord Goldsmith
(Labour)
Type
Oral answers to questions
Subjects
Criminal proceedings; Convictions; Babies; Family courts; Infanticide; Miscarriages of justice; Mothers; Expert evidence; Cot deaths; Statistics; Cannings, Angela; Clark, Sally; Meadow, Roy; Patel, Trupti
Date
7 January 2004
Reference
656 c172-4
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
Whether the Lord Chancellor will discuss with the Lord Chief Justice the recent overturning of certain convictions in relation to babies on cot deaths.
Whether the Lord Chancellor will discuss with the Lord Chief Justice the recent overturning of certain convictions in relation to babies on cot deaths.
Asked by
Lord Lamont of Lerwick
(Conservative)
Answered by
Lord Goldsmith
(Labour)
Oral questions - Lead
Status
Answered
For answer on
7 January 2004
Answered on
7 January 2004
Subjects
Criminal proceedings; Convictions; Babies; Family courts; Infanticide; Miscarriages of justice; Mothers; Expert evidence; Cot deaths; Statistics; Cannings, Angela; Clark, Sally; Meadow, Roy; Patel, Trupti
Date
7 January 2004
Reference
656 c172-4
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
Answered by
Lord Goldsmith
(Labour)
Asked by
Lord Lamont of Lerwick
(Conservative)
Type
Oral answers to questions
Whether the Lord Chancellor will discuss with the Lord Chief Justice the recent overturning of certain convictions in relation to babies on cot deaths.
Subjects
Criminal proceedings; Convictions; Babies; Family courts; Infanticide; Miscarriages of justice; Mothers; Expert evidence; Cot deaths; Statistics; Cannings, Angela; Clark, Sally; Meadow, Roy; Patel, Trupti
Date
7 January 2004
Reference
656 c172-4
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
To ask the Solicitor General, what the cost to public funds was of the (a) prosecution and (b) imprisonment of Mrs Sally Clark. (Failed OPQ). - Inc figures.
To ask the Solicitor General, what the cost to public funds was of the (a) prosecution and (b) imprisonment of Mrs Sally Clark. (Failed OPQ). - Inc figures.
Asked by
George Osborne
(Conservative)
Answered by
Baroness Harman
(Labour)
Answering body
Solicitor General
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
1 December 2003
For answer on
4 December 2003
Answered on
4 December 2003
Mr. George Osborne: To ask the Solicitor-General what the cost to public funds was of the (a) prosecution and (b) imprisonment of
Mrs. Sally Clark. [141779]
The Solicitor-General: The total costs incurred by the Crown Prosecution Service were £320,000 and the prison costs, based on
average costs per prisoner, were approximately £111,000.
Following the appeal of Sally Clark, the Attorney General and I met the Director of Public Prosecution to discuss the implications
of the appeal We established a Group comprising the police, Crown Prosecution Service, Home Office and other relevant agencies to
consider whether any cases in which Doctor Williams has given important evidence require a more in depth review.
Interim guidance has been sent to all Chief Crown Prosecutors requesting that all current cases be identified in which either Doctor
Williams or Professor Meadow are witnesses. The defence is then to be served with a copy of the judgment in the Sally Clark case and
its attention is drawn to sections of the judgment touching on his evidence. Further and fuller guidance will be provided to
prosecutors as soon as possible. This will apply to both present and future cases.
On 28 July, the Inter-Departmental Group held its first meeting. Progress was made in two areas. How previous cases in which Doctor
Alan Williams conducted a post mortem were to be identified and what factors would be used to select the cases on which the group
should concentrate.
Following that meeting, work commenced immediately on the identification of cases. Several agencies assisted in respect of this
process, with the police and the Crown Prosecution Service taking the lead. The Group set a deadline of mid-September for the
conclusion of that process. By that date, approximately 50 previous cases had been identified, which dated back between 5-7 years.
These cases all involved charges of murder, manslaughter or infanticide where Doctor Williams had been instructed by the police to
conduct the post mortem and which had resulted in a conviction.
The cases themselves are now being reviewed. An experienced member each of the Metropolitan Police and the Crown Prosecution Service
are conducting the review. This work is continuing. It is anticipated that the results of the initial review will be considered
early next year.
The Group is also considering whether the exercise of reviewing cases should be extended to those involving Professor Meadow.
The Home Office Pathology Advisory Board will understand publish new Codes of Practice and Procedure for Pathologists, which will
take account of the judicial comments on the methodology employed by Doctor Williams in the Sally Clark case. Once published, the
Codes will be distributed to pathologists.
Subjects
Costs; Babies; Legal costs; Infanticide; Prosecutions; Prisoners; Post-mortems; Miscarriages of justice; Mothers; Expert evidence; Trials; Williams, Alan; Clark, Sally; Meadow, Roy
Date
4 December 2003
Reference
415 c147-8W; 141779
House
House of Commons
Deposited by
Prime Minister
Type
Deposited papers
Author
Prime Minister
Committed on
23 July 2003
Originated on
9 July 2003
Received on
23 July 2003
Subjects
Crown Prosecution Service; Babies; Court of Appeal; Doctors; Homicide; Judgements; Prosecutions; Miscarriages of justice; Mothers; Expert evidence; Pathology; Clark, Sally; Patel, Trupti
Lords Library location
HINF 2003/1652
Date
23 July 2003
Reference
HINF 2003/1652
House
House of Commons
What steps are being taken by the Crown Prosecution Service to address issues raised in the judgment of the Court of Appeal in the case of Sally Clark and the acquittal of Trupti Patel. [HL 3620].
What steps are being taken by the Crown Prosecution Service to address issues raised in the judgment of the Court of Appeal in the case of Sally Clark and the acquittal of Trupti Patel. [HL 3620].
Asked by
Baroness Gould of Potternewton
(Labour)
Answered by
Lord Goldsmith
(Labour)
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
For answer on
25 June 2003
Answered on
25 June 2003
Subjects
Crown Prosecution Service; Babies; Court of Appeal; Doctors; Homicide; Infanticide; Judgements; Prosecutions; Miscarriages of justice; Mothers; Expert evidence; Pathology; Clark, Sally; Patel, Trupti
Date
25 June 2003
Reference
650 c22-3WA; HL 3620
House
House of Lords
To ask the Solicitor General, pursuant to her Answer of 8th April 2003 at 403 c154W, whether she is now in a position to make a statement on the implications for the Crown Prosecution Service of the case of Mrs Sally Clark.
To ask the Solicitor General, pursuant to her Answer of 8th April 2003 at 403 c154W, whether she is now in a position to make a statement on the implications for the Crown Prosecution Service of the case of Mrs Sally Clark.
Asked by
George Osborne
(Conservative)
Answered by
Baroness Harman
(Labour)
Answering body
Solicitor General
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
12 June 2003
For answer on
19 June 2003
Answered on
19 June 2003
Mr. George Osborne: To ask the Solicitor-General pursuant to her answer of 8 April 2003, Official Report, column 154W, whether she
is now in a position to make a statement on the implications for the Crown Prosecution Service of the case of Mrs. Sally Clark.
[119872]
The Solicitor-General: The Court of Appeal has now given its judgment in full in the case of Mrs. Sally Clark. In giving its reasons
for quashing the murder convictions, the Court found the convictions were unsafe. No fault was attributed to the Crown Prosecution
Service.
The Court of Appeal focused on the non-disclosure of potentially significant evidence by Dr. Williams. It also considered the use of
statistical evidence by Professor Meadow.
The Crown Prosecution Service has already responded to the Sally Clark judgment. It is in the process of issuing guidance to all
Chief Crown Prosecutors instructing them to identify cases involving either Doctor Williams or Professor Meadow and ensuring that
the defence are made aware of the judgment. Such disclosure would also be applied to any future cases. The implications for previous
cases involving Doctor Williams has been discussed and is still being assessed. The Crown Prosecution Service is involved, alongside
other relevant agencies, in consideration of that issue.
Subjects
Crown Prosecution Service; Prosecutions; Miscarriages of justice; Clark, Sally
Date
19 June 2003
Reference
119872; 407 c370-1W;407 c372W
House
House of Commons
To ask the Solicitor General, pursuant to her Answer of 7th February, 399 c467W, on Mrs Sally Clark, if she will make a statement on the implications for the Crown Prosecution Service of the case of Mrs Sally Clark.
To ask the Solicitor General, pursuant to her Answer of 7th February, 399 c467W, on Mrs Sally Clark, if she will make a statement on the implications for the Crown Prosecution Service of the case of Mrs Sally Clark.
Asked by
George Osborne
(Conservative)
Answered by
Baroness Harman
(Labour)
Answering body
Solicitor General
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
1 April 2003
For answer on
8 April 2003
Answered on
8 April 2003
Mr. George Osborne: To ask the Solicitor General pursuant to her answer of 7 February 2003, Official Report, column 467W, on Mrs.
Sally Clark, if she will make a statement on the implications for the Crown Prosecution Service of the case of Mrs. Sally Clark.
[107256]
The Solicitor-General: The Court of Appeal has not yet given its detailed judgment in the case of Sally Clark. I will consider
whether further investigation into the handling of the case by the Crown Prosecution Service is appropriate and assess the
implications of the case for the CPS when I have had the opportunity to study the full Court of Appeal judgment. It would be
premature to make such an assessment at this stage.
Subjects
Crown Prosecution Service; Babies; Homicide; Prosecutions; Miscarriages of justice; Clark, Sally
Date
8 April 2003
Reference
403 c153W; 107256
House
House of Commons
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what plans he has to review the procedures carried out by Home Office pathologists into the deaths of infants in suspicious circumstances following the Court of Appeal judgement on Sally Clark.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what plans he has to review the procedures carried out by Home Office pathologists into the deaths of infants in suspicious circumstances following the Court of Appeal judgement on Sally Clark.
Asked by
George Osborne
(Conservative)
Answered by
John Denham
(Labour)
Answering body
Home Office
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
30 January 2003
For answer on
24 February 2003
Answered on
24 February 2003
Mr. George Osborne: To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department what plans he has to review the procedures carried out by
Home Office pathologists into the deaths of infants in suspicious circumstances following the Court of Appeal judgment on Sally
Clark. [95588]
Mr. Denham: I commissioned an independent review of Forensic Pathology Services in England and Wales last year.
The review report recommended that: 1. the decline in numbers of forensic pathologists should be reversed through a sustained
training programme; 2. improved administrative arrangements should be put in place, monitoring service levels and ensuring that
standards are maintained; and 3. steps should be taken to ensure that there are improved facilities for the conduct of post-mortem
examinations.
Now that the review has been discussed by the Policy Advisory Board for Forensic Pathology, it is under consideration by the
Government.
Subjects
Babies; Homicide; Judgements; Reviews; Pathology; Clark, Sally
Date
24 February 2003
Reference
95588; 400 c126-7W;400 c125-6W
House
House of Commons
To ask the Solicitor General, what plans she has to investigate the handling by the Crown Prosecution Service of the case of Mrs Sally Clark. - (Holding answer 6 February 2003).
To ask the Solicitor General, what plans she has to investigate the handling by the Crown Prosecution Service of the case of Mrs Sally Clark. - (Holding answer 6 February 2003).
Asked by
George Osborne
(Conservative)
Answered by
Baroness Harman
(Labour)
Answering body
Solicitor General
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
30 January 2003
For answer on
7 February 2003
Answered on
7 February 2003
Mr. George Osborne: To ask the Solicitor General what plans she has to investigate the handling by the Crown Prosecution Service of
the case of Mrs. Sally Clark. [95592]
The Solicitor-General :[holding answer 6 February 2003]: The Court of Appeal has yet to give its detailed judgement in the case of
Sally Clark. I will consider whether further investigation into the handling of the case by the CPS is appropriate when I have had
the opportunity to study the full Court of Appeal judgment.
Subjects
Crown Prosecution Service; Babies; Homicide; Prosecutions; Miscarriages of justice; Clark, Sally
Date
7 February 2003
Reference
95592; 399 c467W;399 c465W
House
House of Commons
To ask Her Majestys Government whether, following the release of Sally Clark from prison, they have any plans to review the giving of evidence by expert witnesses.
To ask Her Majestys Government whether, following the release of Sally Clark from prison, they have any plans to review the giving of evidence by expert witnesses.
Asked by
Lord Mitchell
(Labour)
Answered by
Lord Falconer of Thoroton
(Labour)
Oral questions - Lead
Status
Answered
For answer on
6 February 2003
Answered on
6 February 2003
Subjects
Disclosure of information; Babies; Doctors; Homicide; Miscarriages of justice; Expert evidence; Pathology; Clark, Sally
Date
6 February 2003
Reference
644 c366-7
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
Answered by
Lord Falconer of Thoroton
(Labour)
Asked by
Lord Mitchell
(Labour)
Type
Oral answers to questions
To ask Her Majestys Government whether, following the release of Sally Clark from prison, they have any plans to review the giving of evidence by expert witnesses.
Subjects
Disclosure of information; Babies; Doctors; Homicide; Miscarriages of justice; Expert evidence; Pathology; Clark, Sally
Date
6 February 2003
Reference
644 c366-7
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
Answered by
Lord Falconer of Thoroton
(Labour)
Type
Oral answers to questions
Subjects
Disclosure of information; Babies; Doctors; Homicide; Miscarriages of justice; Expert evidence; Pathology; Clark, Sally
Date
6 February 2003
Reference
644 c366-7
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
1st supplementary on providing justice for those currently in prison for similar crimes where expert witnesses have been used in the trials.
1st supplementary on providing justice for those currently in prison for similar crimes where expert witnesses have been used in the trials.
Asked by
Lord Mitchell
(Labour)
Oral questions - 1st Supplementary
Status
Answered
Answered on
6 February 2003
Subjects
Disclosure of information; Babies; Doctors; Homicide; Miscarriages of justice; Expert evidence; Pathology; Clark, Sally
Date
6 February 2003
Reference
644 c366-7
Chamber / Committee
House of Lords chamber
House
House of Lords
Supplementary business question on need for inquiry into handling by the Crown Prosecution Service and the Home Office pathologist of the case of Sally Clark, subsequently cleared on appeal of the murder of her two children.
Supplementary business question on need for inquiry into handling by the Crown Prosecution Service and the Home Office pathologist of the case of Sally Clark, subsequently cleared on appeal of the murder of her two children.
Member
George Osborne
(Conservative)
Type
Business questions
Subjects
Homicide; Miscarriages of justice; Clark, Sally; Disclosure of information; Costs; Budgets; Debates; House of Lords; Industrial disputes; Fire and rescue services; Reform
Date
30 January 2003
Reference
398 c1015
Chamber / Committee
House of Commons chamber
House
House of Commons
Member
Robin Cook
(Labour)
Type
Proceeding contributions
Subjects
Homicide; Miscarriages of justice; Clark, Sally; Disclosure of information; Costs; Budgets; Debates; House of Lords; Industrial disputes; Fire and rescue services; Reform
Date
30 January 2003
Reference
398 c1015
Chamber / Committee
House of Commons chamber
House
House of Commons
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, if he intends to refer the case of Sally Clark to the Court of Appeal.
To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, if he intends to refer the case of Sally Clark to the Court of Appeal.
Asked by
Lord Grayling
(Conservative)
Answered by
Lord Bradley
(Labour)
Answering body
Home Office
Type
Written questions
Status
Answered
Tabled on
15 October 2001
For answer on
23 October 2001
Answered on
23 October 2001
Subjects
Appeals; Court of Appeal; Clark, Sally
Date
23 October 2001
Reference
8337; 373 c210-1W
House
House of Commons