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To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, how many licences his Department has issued to kill (a) cormorants and (b) goosanders in each of the last five years.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, how many licences his Department has issued to kill (a) cormorants and (b) goosanders in each of the last five years.
The numbers of cormorant and goosander licences issued between 2014 and 2019 (to date) by Natural England on behalf of the Secretary of State are given in the table below. Individual licences are licences issued to an individual or angling club/fishery. An area based licence is one licence issued to a primary contact which covers multiple individuals amongst a group of fisheries within a defined catchment or area.
Species | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 (to date) |
Cormorant (Individual) | 409 | 456 | 450 | 435 | 429 | 106 |
Goosander (Individual) | 31 | 35 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 9 |
Cormorant only (Area Based Licence) | 6 | 13 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 1 |
Goosander only (Area Based Licence) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Cormorant / Goosander (Area Based Licence) | 1 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what assessment he has made of the effect of (a) cormorants and (b) herons on immature fish in English river systems.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what assessment he has made of the effect of (a) cormorants and (b) herons on immature fish in English river systems.
The overall impact on immature fish is not assessed at a national level.
However, in granting licences to control protected birds Natural England consider the evidence of damage provided by the applicant (for example the impact on immature fish) as well as the conservation status of the species.
Additionally, the Environment Agency have funded advisory posts to support affected fisheries using income from fishing licence sales. The current arrangement is part of the angling services contract awarded to the Angling Trust which pays for three posts that provide specialist management advice to angling clubs and fisheries owners impacted by cormorants and other fish predators.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (1) what his policy is on protecting river fish stock from increased cormorant numbers;
[119884]
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (1) what his policy is on protecting river fish stock from increased cormorant numbers;
[119884]
Cormorants, like all wild birds, are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Section 16 of the Act allows for licences to be issued in certain circumstances and for certain purposes, including the protection of livestock. If cormorants are causing or are likely to cause serious damage to inland fisheries, licences permitting fisheries managers to shoot a limited number of them to protect a fishery may be granted. Licences will only be issued where it can be shown non-lethal measures designed to address problem birds have failed to be effective. Most licences issued are for the purposes of enabling fishery owners to reinforce the effects of shooting to scare.
DEFRA is carrying out a review of the current policy in relation to managing the impact of predation on inland fisheries from cormorants, goosanders and red-breasted mergansers. In the course of this review, officials are considering a range of options for managing the serious damage these birds can cause and will consider the impacts of using general licences along with the other options. The review is expected to report to Ministers this year. Once completed, the outcomes of the review will be made publicly available.
(2) whether he has made an assessment of the potential effects on cormorant numbers of adding that bird to the general shooting licence;
[119885]
Graham Jones:
(2) whether he has made an assessment of the potential effects on cormorant numbers of adding that bird to the general shooting licence;
[119885]
Graham Jones:
Cormorants, like all wild birds, are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Section 16 of the Act allows for licences to be issued in certain circumstances and for certain purposes, including the protection of livestock. If cormorants are causing or are likely to cause serious damage to inland fisheries, licences permitting fisheries managers to shoot a limited number of them to protect a fishery may be granted. Licences will only be issued where it can be shown non-lethal measures designed to address problem birds have failed to be effective. Most licences issued are for the purposes of enabling fishery owners to reinforce the effects of shooting to scare.
DEFRA is carrying out a review of the current policy in relation to managing the impact of predation on inland fisheries from cormorants, goosanders and red-breasted mergansers. In the course of this review, officials are considering a range of options for managing the serious damage these birds can cause and will consider the impacts of using general licences along with the other options. The review is expected to report to Ministers this year. Once completed, the outcomes of the review will be made publicly available.
(3) whether he has given consideration to adding cormorants to the general shooting licence.
[119886]
Graham Jones:
(3) whether he has given consideration to adding cormorants to the general shooting licence.
[119886]
Graham Jones:
Cormorants, like all wild birds, are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Section 16 of the Act allows for licences to be issued in certain circumstances and for certain purposes, including the protection of livestock. If cormorants are causing or are likely to cause serious damage to inland fisheries, licences permitting fisheries managers to shoot a limited number of them to protect a fishery may be granted. Licences will only be issued where it can be shown non-lethal measures designed to address problem birds have failed to be effective. Most licences issued are for the purposes of enabling fishery owners to reinforce the effects of shooting to scare.
DEFRA is carrying out a review of the current policy in relation to managing the impact of predation on inland fisheries from cormorants, goosanders and red-breasted mergansers. In the course of this review, officials are considering a range of options for managing the serious damage these birds can cause and will consider the impacts of using general licences along with the other options. The review is expected to report to Ministers this year. Once completed, the outcomes of the review will be made publicly available.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs when he expects his Department's review of cormorant licensing policy to be completed; and when he expects to publish a report.
[118665]
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs when he expects his Department's review of cormorant licensing policy to be completed; and when he expects to publish a report.
[118665]
The review, which is looking at the licensing process and management methods for controlling fish-eating birds where they cause, or are likely to cause, serious damage to inland fisheries, is expected to report to Ministers this year. Once completed the outcomes of the review will be made publicly available.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what the cost was to the public purse to administer the cormorant licensing regime in England in the latest period for which figures are available.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what the cost was to the public purse to administer the cormorant licensing regime in England in the latest period for which figures are available.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (1) what assessment she has made of the potential effect of her Department's cormorant licensing policy in England on cormorant populations in special protection areas in England, Scotland and Wales;
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (1) what assessment she has made of the potential effect of her Department's cormorant licensing policy in England on cormorant populations in special protection areas in England, Scotland and Wales;
(2) what assessment she has made of the level of illegal killing of cormorants;
(2) what assessment she has made of the level of illegal killing of cormorants;
(3) what assessment she has made of the adequacy of the Wetland Bird Survey in monitoring cormorant population trends in response to licensed killing;
(3) what assessment she has made of the adequacy of the Wetland Bird Survey in monitoring cormorant population trends in response to licensed killing;
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how many cormorants were killed under licence in England in winter 2010-11.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how many cormorants were killed under licence in England in winter 2010-11.
(4) what assessment she has made of the effectiveness of licensed killing of cormorants in (a) reducing and (b) preventing serious damage to fisheries.
(4) what assessment she has made of the effectiveness of licensed killing of cormorants in (a) reducing and (b) preventing serious damage to fisheries.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how many applications there have been to kill cormorants in each of the last five years; and how many were granted in each such year.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how many applications there have been to kill cormorants in each of the last five years; and how many were granted in each such year.
| Number of applications received | Number of licences issued | |
| 2006 | 401 | 322 |
| 2007 | 336 | 307 |
| 2008 | 386 | 357 |
| 2009 | 438 | 416 |
| 2010 | 471 | 421 |
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what assessment her Department has made of the number of cormorants which roost and feed inshore; and what steps she (a) has taken and (b) is considering to control their numbers.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what assessment her Department has made of the number of cormorants which roost and feed inshore; and what steps she (a) has taken and (b) is considering to control their numbers.
asked Her Majesty's Government:How many cormorants have been killed under licence since the licensing regime began.
asked Her Majesty's Government:How many cormorants have been killed under licence since the licensing regime began.
| Year (January-December) | Number of cormorants reported killed under licence |
| 2001 | 186 |
| 2002 | 190 |
| 2003 | 455 |
| 2004 | 580 |
| 2005 | 1623 |
| January-August 2006 | 734 |
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how many licences for the culling of cormorants were issued in England in 2005–06; how many cormorants were killed under licence in England in 2005–06; and if she will make a statement.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how many licences for the culling of cormorants were issued in England in 2005–06; how many cormorants were killed under licence in England in 2005–06; and if she will make a statement.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how many licences for the culling of cormorants were issued in England in each of the last five years; how many cormorants were killed under licence in England in each year; and if she will make a statement.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how many licences for the culling of cormorants were issued in England in each of the last five years; how many cormorants were killed under licence in England in each year; and if she will make a statement.
| Season | Number of licenses granted | Number of birds licensed to be shot | Number of birds shot |
| 2001–02 | 99 | 570 | 189 |
| 2002–03 | 120 | 603 | 273 |
| 2003–04 | 146 | 828 | 499 |
| 2004–05 | 331 | 1,996 | 1,258 |
| 2005–06 | 355 | 2,302 | — |
| (1) Returns due January 2006. |
To ask the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland what his estimate is of the number of cormorants in Northern Ireland in each of the last 10 years.
To ask the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland what his estimate is of the number of cormorants in Northern Ireland in each of the last 10 years.
| Population | |
| 2004–05 | 2,507 |
| 2003–04 | 3,613 |
| 2002–03 | 3,606 |
| 2001–02 | 1,706 |
| 2000–01 | 2,508 |
| 1999–2000 | 3,116 |
| 1998–99 | 3,725 |
| 1997–98 | 2,447 |
| 1996–97 | 1,978 |
| 1995–96 | 2,522 |
| Average | 2,773 |
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs when she expects to publish the Central Science Laboratory's cormorant population model; and whether the model will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs when she expects to publish the Central Science Laboratory's cormorant population model; and whether the model will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what assessment she has made of the effectiveness of her Department's policy on cormorant control following its first winter of operation.
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what assessment she has made of the effectiveness of her Department's policy on cormorant control following its first winter of operation.