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To ask the Secretary of State for Transport, what information her Department holds on the levels of corrosion on the Class (a) 150/0, (b) 150/1, (c) 150/2, (d) 155, (e) 156 and (f) 158 vehicles operated by Northern Trains.

Asked by

Laurence Turner (Labour)

Answering body

Department for Transport

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

6 March 2025

Reference

35087

House

House of Commons

Housing: Corrosion

To ask the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government, what guidance his Department has issued for home owners on the risk of wall tie corrosion.

Asked by

Craig Williams (Conservative)

Answering body

Department for Communities and Local Government

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

15 March 2017

Reference

66865

House

House of Commons

Defence Equipment: Corrosion

To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what assessment his Department has made of the costs of corrosion of equipment in the armed forces in each of the last three years.

Asked by

Gerald Howarth (Conservative)

Answering body

Ministry of Defence

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

18 December 2008

Reference

485 c965-6W; 243256

House

House of Commons

Dept of Trade and Industry

To ask the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, when she was first informed that the cathodic protection system used on the Baku Tbilisi Ceyhan pipeline was vulnerable to being rendered inoperative by coating corrosion.

Asked by

Simon Thomas (Plaid Cymru)

Answering body

Department of Trade and Industry

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

22 March 2005

Reference

218556; 432 c670W

House

House of Commons

Untitled Written question

How many C130 Hercules transport aircraft are in service; on what date each of them was brought into service; how many air miles each has flown; how many times each of them has taken off and landed; and when each was most recently assessed for potential metal fatigue. [HL 1413]....

Asked by

Lord Astor of Hever (Conservative)

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

14 March 2005

Reference

670 c115-6WA; HL 1413

House

House of Lords

Untitled Written question

What systematic assessment they have made of prospective metal fatigue as a determinant of safe in-service lives for military transport aircraft. [HL 1412].

Asked by

Lord Astor of Hever (Conservative)

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

8 March 2005

Reference

670 c74WA; HL 1412

House

House of Lords

Dept for Environment Food and Rural Affairs

To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what investigation she has made of the cost of corrosion damage to water providers in (a) fluoridated and (b) unfluoridated areas.

Asked by

Robert Syms (Conservative)

Answering body

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

18 March 2002

Reference

42973; 382 c125W;382 c123W

House

House of Commons

Dept of Trade and Industry

To ask the Secretary of State for Transport, Local Government and the Regions, whether the recent discovery of radiolytic corrosion in the graphite moderators of UK Magnox reactors will result in premature closures; if he will make a statement on the recent events leading to the closure of the nuclear...

Asked by

Ann Cryer (Labour)

Answering body

Department of Trade and Industry

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

12 February 2002

Reference

380 c286-8W; 34002;34003;34001

House

House of Commons

Dept of the Environment Transport and the Regions

Statement on the review of the conclusions of the Report of the Expert Group on Thaumasite. - Inc figures and fact that Review is published today on the Departments website.

Asked by

Baroness Winterton of Doncaster (Labour)

Answering body

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

12 April 2000

For answer on

13 April 2000

Answered on

13 April 2000

Ms Rosie Winterton: To ask the Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions if he will make a statement on the review of the conclusions of the report of the Expert Group on Thaumasite. [119400] Mr. Raynsford: I am today publishing, on my Department's website, the review undertaken by Professor Leslie Clark of the conclusions of the report of the Expert Group on Thaumasite which he chaired and which reported in January 1999. When I announced the publication of the report last year I said that I had asked Professor Clark to review its conclusions in a year's time in the light of the findings of further research and monitoring which was then being commissioned. The review found that the recommendations of the Thaumasite Expert Group's report were robust and continue to minimise the risk of the thaumasite form of sulphate attack in new construction. The report has been generally well received by the construction industry and is viewed as sound and well balanced. There have been 20 new cases of the thaumasite form of sulphate attack identified in the last year. All of these have taken place in conditions that were anticipated in the report. None have posed any threat to public safety. The new data available do not permit relaxation at present of the report's recommendations with one exception. There is a majority view within the Expert Group that the report's very conservative procedure for assessing the sulphate class of sulphide bearing ground can now, with safety, be relaxed somewhat in respect of pyritic clays. The review has also suggested the need for clarification of some aspects of the guidance given in the relevant BRE Digests and British Standards.

Date

13 April 2000

Reference

119400; 348 c250W

House

House of Commons

Northern Ireland Office

To ask the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, what is his estimate of the cost to public funds arising from taking trains out of service because of chassis corrosion problems in the last three years. - Includes figures.

Asked by

A Cecil Walker (Ulster Unionist Party)

Answering body

Northern Ireland Office

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

11 April 2000

Reference

348 c124-5W; 117837

House

House of Commons

Dept of the Environment Transport and the Regions

To ask the Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions, what proposals he has to require underground storage tank owners to measure the risk of corrosion failure.

Asked by

Elfyn Llwyd (Plaid Cymru)

Answering body

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

18 January 2000

Reference

342 c359W;342 c357W; 104637

House

House of Commons

Deposited Paper Dep 99/1488

Deposited by

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions

Type

Deposited papers

Date

28 July 1999

Reference

Dep 99/1488

House

House of Commons

Dept of the Environment Transport and the Regions

To ask the Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions, if he is now in a position to report on the further research his Department commissioned on galvanised steel wall ties. - Includes ref to 19 January 1998 at 304 c374-5W and fact that copies of results...

Asked by

Melanie Johnson (Labour)

Answering body

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

26 July 1999

For answer on

27 July 1999

Answered on

27 July 1999

Miss Melanie Johnson: To ask the Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions if he is now in a position to report on the further research his Department commissioned on galvanised steel wall ties. [93805] Mr. Raynsford: The then Energy Efficiency Minister announced on 19 January 1998, Official Report, column 374, that as part of my Department's ongoing programme of research into rain penetration of cavity walls, she had asked for precautionary checks to be carried out on the condition of galvanised steel wire wall ties in a sample of houses with cavity walls filled with insulation. This followed the preliminary results of research at the BRE which indicated that there was a possibility that the life expectancy of green coloured galvanised steel wire wall ties might be shortened when used in conjunction with urea formaldehyde from cavity fill. These checks have now been completed along with further experimental research and an independent review of the findings. In the houses examined, there was no premature deterioration of galvanised ties with or without the green identification film in contact with urea formaldehyde form cavity insulation. The further experimental research was carried out on galvanised ties with and without the green identification film. The research comprised accelerated corrosion tests and chemical interactive tests with urea formaldehyde foam. Neither of these experiments indicated any discernible loss of galvanising. With these results to hand and with the benefit of an independent review undertaken by consultants WS Atkins, BRE re-examined their earlier experimental findings. They have concluded that the accelerated corrosion observed under the experimental conditions could have been caused by vapour from the urea formaldehyde which under certain conditions of very high humidity can lead to very high rates of corrosion of galvanising. The conditions under which this could happen were present in the preliminary experimental research, but were unlikely to occur in houses. The work concludes that there is no evidence that urea formaldehyde foam cavity wall insulation shortens the lifetime of galvanised wall ties. Copies of these results have been placed in the House Library.

Date

27 July 1999

Reference

336 c357W; 93805

House

House of Commons

Deposited Paper Dep 99/204

Deposited by

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions; Thaumasite Expert Group

Type

Deposited papers

Date

26 January 1999

Reference

Dep 99/204

House

House of Commons

Dept of the Environment Transport and the Regions

Statement on the findings of the expert group looking into thaumasite. - Includes ref to 309 c532-3W.

Asked by

Lord Anderson of Swansea (Labour)

Answering body

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

22 January 1999

For answer on

25 January 1999

Answered on

25 January 1999

Mr. Donald Anderson: To ask the Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions what are the findings of the expert group looking into thaumasite. [67914] Mr. Raynsford: I am today publishing the Report of the Expert Group which has under the chairmanship of Professor Leslie Clark, President of the Institution of Structural Engineers, been studying the thaumasite form of sulfate attack on concrete. I announced the appointment of Professor Clark to chair an expert group on 1 April 1998, Official Report, columns 532-33, following the discovery by the Highways Agency during bridge strengthening operations on the M5 in Gloucestershire of unexpected deterioration in some of the concrete columns below ground level. This was identified by the Building Research Establishment as the thaumasite form of sulfate attack. I asked the Expert Group to consider the available research and other evidence on thausmasite and to report giving advice and guidance on the implications for existing buildings and structures and on the specification and design of new construction. The Group was also asked to recommend any longer term programme of investigations and research which it considered necessary. The Expert Group reported to me at the beginning of December and I have since discussed the conclusions and recommendations with Professor Clark. I am very grateful to him and all his colleagues on the Expert Group for producing such a thorough and well-considered Report in a technically complex area in such a short period of time. It provides a great deal of re-assurance about the extent of the problem. The main findings of the Group are that: the thaumasite form of sulfate attack will only occur in buried Portland cement based concretes when all the primary risk factors are present simultaneously and developed to a significant degree. These primary risk factors are: the presence of sulfates and/or sulphides in the ground; the presence of mobile groundwater; the presence of carbonate, generally in the concrete aggregates; and low temperatures the probability of all these factors being present simultaneously is low for most existing buildings and structures and the number potentially at risk of the occurrence in the UK is considered small; the structural consequences of thausmasite attack are rarely of serious concern in respect of public safety, as most buildings would exhibit warning signs of distress well before there was any danger of collapse; it is not necessary to specifically inspect domestic properties for occurrence of thaumasite attack in foundations or above ground. Data from the National House Building Council indicate that the incidence of sulfate attack in domestic properties is very small in relation to other building defects. Thaumasite can be addressed as part of general repair and maintenance of houses. The Report recommends a range of options open to specifiers and designers to minimise the risk of occurrence of the thaumasite form of sulfate attack in new construction. Although the Group's findings are re-assuring, the Report stresses the need for the construction industry not to be complacent. It recommends that the industry, with appropriate support from Government, instigates a structured programme of research aimed at understanding the outstanding issues. My Department is already taking steps to put in hand a programme of research in collaboration with the industry to take forward the Report's specific recommendations. The BRE will be amending Digest 363, which gives advice to designers, to reflect the Report's recommendations. We have also asked the BRE to continue to monitor occurrences of thaumasite and the conditions under which these take place. The Highways Agency is currently reviewing its interim guidance on thaumasite and will be issuing updated guidance shortly. It is completing its programme of investigations and repairs in Gloucestershire and Avon and is undertaking a phased limited programme of continued investigations in association with its planned bridge inspection programme. I have also asked Professor Clark to review the Report's conclusions in a year's time with help from the experts at BRE and, in the light of the findings of further research and monitoring now being commissioned, to consider whether there may be a need to reconvene the Group.

Date

25 January 1999

Reference

67914; 324 c45-7W

House

House of Commons

Dept of the Environment Transport and the Regions

Statement about the problems associated with the thaumasite form of sulphate attack on concrete.

Asked by

Jane Griffiths (Labour)

Answering body

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

31 March 1998

For answer on

1 April 1998

Answered on

1 April 1998

Jane Griffiths: To ask the Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions if he will make a statement about the problems associated with the thaumasite form of sulphate attack on concrete. [37704] Mr. Raynsford: During recent strengthening operations on two of the older overbridges on the M5 in Gloucestershire, an unexpected deterioration was noted in some of the concrete columns below ground level. Consultations with BRE identified this as the thaumasite form of sulphate attack. Foundations on a further three bridges were examined and were found to be exhibiting similar deterioration. The Highways Agency's view is that this does not pose a threat to the structural stability of the bridges, nor is there any risk to the safety of road users. The Agency are drawing up a programme to identify which bridges might be subject to this form of problem and to investigate those bridges. BRE has been conducting research into this form of sulphate reaction since 1990 for my Department. But until the cases on the M5 were discovered last week, only three such incidents of damage to concrete foundations had previously been identified in the UK. It appears that compliance with standard design guidance on protection against sulphate attack does not guarantee protection of concrete against the thaumasite form of reaction. At present, BRE are undertaking both laboratory and long-term field studies into this phenomenon. These studies have led them to the conclusion that this form of sulphate reaction can only occur when there is a combination of: (a) A source of sulphates, a commonly found in clay soils; (b) Very wet, cold conditions; and (c) A source of calcium carbonate in the concrete (limestone aggregate in the cases investigated). The expert independent advice received from the BRE is that, while they believe that their initial findings indicate the need for wider study, they are strongly of the view that any damage to buildings would be gradual and there is no danger to people in buildings. In the light of the problems discovered on the M5, I have today appointed Professor Leslie Clark to chair an expert group to study the phenomenon further and to report to me as soon as possible. The Group will develop guidance and advice on any implications for existing buildings and structures and on the design and specification of new construction.

Date

1 April 1998

Reference

37704; 309 c532-3W

House

House of Commons

Hayman, Baroness

Statement on what problems are associated with the thaumasite form of sulphate attack on concrete. [HL 1352]. - Includes fact that expert group to study this further established.

Asked by

Lord Monkswell (Labour)

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

1 April 1998

Reference

HL 1352; 588 c44-5WA

House

House of Lords

Hayman, Baroness

Statement on what are the latest results of the research into rain penetration in cavity walls. [HL 219]. - Includes fact that Building Research Establishment (BRE) research report in Library and have asked for precautionary checks to be carried out on the condition of galvanised steel wire wall ties in...

Asked by

Lord Gregson (Labour)

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

19 January 1998

Reference

HL 219; 584 c215-6WA

House

House of Lords

Dept of the Environment Transport and the Regions

Statement on the latest results of his Department's research into rain penetration in cavity walls.

Asked by

Bill Etherington (Labour)

Answering body

Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

15 January 1998

For answer on

19 January 1998

Answered on

19 January 1998

Mr. Etherington: To ask the Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions what are the latest results of his Department's research into rain penetration in cavity walls. [24238] Angela Eagle: On behalf of the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions the Building Research Establishment has undertaken research into water penetration in cavity walls filled with insulation. As part of my Department's ongoing programme of research into rain penetration in cavity walls, I have, in consultation with my hon. Friends the Minister for London and Construction and the Minister of Local Government and Housing, asked for precautionary checks to be carried out on the condition of galvanised steel wire wall ties in a representative sample of homes with cavity walls filled with insulation. This follows the preliminary results of research which indicate that there is a possibility that the life expectancy of green coloured galvanised steel wire wall ties might be shortened when used in conjunction with Urea Formaldehyde foam cavity fill. The tests were undertaken on dwarf walls without the protective features found in real houses. I wish, therefore, to establish whether the effects indicated in the BRE research occur in real houses. I want to stress that there is no conclusive evidence of a safety risk involving galvanised steel wire wall ties in cavity wall insulation. But it would be wrong if, as a result of the preliminary findings, we did not investigate quickly and thoroughly whether or not the possible problems with green coloured galvanised steel wire wall ties in some cavity fills were occurring in people's homes. This is a prudent, precautionary measure and I have asked that further research be carried out as soon as possible. The expert, independent, advice I have received from the BRE is that, while it believes that its initial findings indicate the need for a wider study, it is strongly of the view that it would be premature to place any firm interpretation on its findings until it can be established whether they are representative of conditions inthe UK housing stock. While the number of homes containing galvanised wire wall ties with a green film, in cavity wall insulation, is a small portion of the housing stock, it is prudent to carry out these precautionary checks which will be extended to examine other forms of galvanised wire wall ties in cavity fill. BRE's test results show: Accelerated corrosion has occurred to galvanised steel wire wall ties which have been coated with a green identification film when embedded in moist urea formaldehyde foam cavity insulation. Whilst there was visual evidence of corrosion of "grey" (without the green film) galvanised steel wire wall ties embedded in moist cavity fill insulation, the measurement of loss of zinc was too small to be significant. No significant corrosion was found in either form of galvanised steel wire wall tie embedded in moist blown mineral wood or mineral wool batt cavity insulation. There was some visual evidence of corrosion on both types of galvanised steel wire ties at the gap which occurs between the masonry and all three types of wet insulation. Stainless steel wire wall ties showed no signs of corrosion irrespective of the cavity fill material and exposure. There results were obtained from experimental walls after 12 and 18 months subject to regimes of accelerated exposure. Copies of BRE's Research report have been placed in the House Library.

Date

19 January 1998

Reference

24238; 304 c378-9W;304 c374-5W

House

House of Commons

Dept of Transport;Highways Agency

If he will examine alternatives to the use of salt, with special reference to urea, in de-icing on roads. - Text of letter from Lawrie Haynes of Highways Agency. (Holding answer 25 January 1996).

Asked by

Jeremy Corbyn (Labour)

Answering body

Highways Agency

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

29 January 1996

Reference

11646; 270 c483W;270 c485W

House

House of Commons

Librarians' tools

Type

House

Session

Year

Department

Member

Primary member

Answering member

Legislative stage

Legislation

Subject

Publisher