The Department is aware of the historical contribution made by Professor Zbigniew Religa to the development of heart transplantation in Poland during the 1980s. As part of NHS England's Heart and Lung Transplantation Transformation Programme, national and international evidence and experience are being considered to inform service development. Further information on the NHS England Heart and Lung Transplantation Transformation Programme is available at the following link:

https://www.england.nhs.uk/blog/from-ambition-to-action-improving-heart-and-lung-transplant-services-in-england/

There are currently no plans to undertake a specific assessment of the merits of adopting elements of the Polish heart-transplant programme established by Professor Religa.

As close allies, the UK and Poland enjoy deep cooperation on air and missile defence capabilities, as evidenced by industrial cooperation for Poland's NAREW ground-based air defence programme.

The UK-Poland Joint Programme Office (JPO) was established in June 2025 to support this cooperation by monitoring delivery of existing programmes and facilitating the development of new programmes. The JPO will therefore play an important role in the Northolt Treaty commitment to develop joint medium range air defence capabilities.

The United Kingdom and Poland are close partners in tackling illegal migration and the organised criminal networks that underpin it. While we face different illegal migration challenges at our respective borders, cooperation between our law enforcement agencies and Ministries is essential.

We welcome Poland’s measures to reduce illegal migration and combat people-smuggling through Europe. Utilising the recently signed Security and Defence Treaty, the Secretary of State will deliver a Joint Action Plan to strengthen this partnership, improve our existing understanding and cooperation. The Home Office will do this by enhancing intelligence sharing, supporting joint operational activity, and improving our ability to target smuggling networks, including their use of online platforms. It also enables both countries to share expertise, including where measures could be translated into different environments, and make use of advanced technologies to strengthen border security and inform policy making.

The Home Office and the Polish Ministry of the Interior are monitoring delivery of the Joint Action Plan on an ongoing basis through regular operational engagement and future UK–Poland Migration Dialogue discussions. A full evaluation has not yet been undertaken; however, operational outcomes are routinely monitored, and metrics are being developed to assess overall effectiveness.

The United Kingdom and Poland are close partners in tackling illegal migration and the organised criminal networks that underpin it. While we face different illegal migration challenges at our respective borders, cooperation between our law enforcement agencies and Ministries is essential.

We welcome Poland’s measures to reduce illegal migration and combat people-smuggling through Europe. Utilising the recently signed Security and Defence Treaty, the Secretary of State will deliver a Joint Action Plan to strengthen this partnership, improve our existing understanding and cooperation. The Home Office will do this by enhancing intelligence sharing, supporting joint operational activity, and improving our ability to target smuggling networks, including their use of online platforms. It also enables both countries to share expertise, including where measures could be translated into different environments, and make use of advanced technologies to strengthen border security and inform policy making.

The Home Office and the Polish Ministry of the Interior are monitoring delivery of the Joint Action Plan on an ongoing basis through regular operational engagement and future UK–Poland Migration Dialogue discussions. A full evaluation has not yet been undertaken; however, operational outcomes are routinely monitored, and metrics are being developed to assess overall effectiveness.

The United Kingdom and Poland are close partners in tackling illegal migration and the organised criminal networks that underpin it. While we face different illegal migration challenges at our respective borders, cooperation between our law enforcement agencies and Ministries is essential.

We welcome Poland’s measures to reduce illegal migration and combat people-smuggling through Europe. Utilising the recently signed Security and Defence Treaty, the Secretary of State will deliver a Joint Action Plan to strengthen this partnership, improve our existing understanding and cooperation. The Home Office will do this by enhancing intelligence sharing, supporting joint operational activity, and improving our ability to target smuggling networks, including their use of online platforms. It also enables both countries to share expertise, including where measures could be translated into different environments, and make use of advanced technologies to strengthen border security and inform policy making.

The Home Office and the Polish Ministry of the Interior are monitoring delivery of the Joint Action Plan on an ongoing basis through regular operational engagement and future UK–Poland Migration Dialogue discussions. A full evaluation has not yet been undertaken; however, operational outcomes are routinely monitored, and metrics are being developed to assess overall effectiveness.

The United Kingdom and Poland are close partners in tackling illegal migration and the organised criminal networks that underpin it. While we face different illegal migration challenges at our respective borders, cooperation between our law enforcement agencies and Ministries is essential.

We welcome Poland’s measures to reduce illegal migration and combat people-smuggling through Europe. Utilising the recently signed Security and Defence Treaty, the Secretary of State will deliver a Joint Action Plan to strengthen this partnership, improve our existing understanding and cooperation. The Home Office will do this by enhancing intelligence sharing, supporting joint operational activity, and improving our ability to target smuggling networks, including their use of online platforms. It also enables both countries to share expertise, including where measures could be translated into different environments, and make use of advanced technologies to strengthen border security and inform policy making.

The Home Office and the Polish Ministry of the Interior are monitoring delivery of the Joint Action Plan on an ongoing basis through regular operational engagement and future UK–Poland Migration Dialogue discussions. A full evaluation has not yet been undertaken; however, operational outcomes are routinely monitored, and metrics are being developed to assess overall effectiveness.

The United Kingdom and Poland are close partners in tackling illegal migration and the organised criminal networks that underpin it. While we face different illegal migration challenges at our respective borders, cooperation between our law enforcement agencies and Ministries is essential.

We welcome Poland’s measures to reduce illegal migration and combat people-smuggling through Europe. Utilising the recently signed Security and Defence Treaty, the Secretary of State will deliver a Joint Action Plan to strengthen this partnership, improve our existing understanding and cooperation. The Home Office will do this by enhancing intelligence sharing, supporting joint operational activity, and improving our ability to target smuggling networks, including their use of online platforms. It also enables both countries to share expertise, including where measures could be translated into different environments, and make use of advanced technologies to strengthen border security and inform policy making.

The Home Office and the Polish Ministry of the Interior are monitoring delivery of the Joint Action Plan on an ongoing basis through regular operational engagement and future UK–Poland Migration Dialogue discussions. A full evaluation has not yet been undertaken; however, operational outcomes are routinely monitored, and metrics are being developed to assess overall effectiveness.

The UK believes strongly in the principle of property restitution for Holocaust survivors, who have waited over 80 years for justice and recognition of their loss of property. We are committed to upholding the Terezin Declaration on Holocaust-Era Assets, which sets out measures to right the economic wrongs that accompanied the Holocaust against the Jews and other victims of Nazi persecution across Europe. The UK Special Envoy for Post-Holocaust Issues, Jon Pearce MP, most recently met with the president of the World Jewish Restitution Organisation (WJRO) on May 6 where the issue of restitution, including in Poland, was discussed as a priority. We continue to work closely with the WJRO to progress restitution efforts.

In accordance with the fourth report of the Joint Committee on the National Security Strategy, we are prioritising collaboration and capability development with European allies, including Poland.

The UK and Poland signed the Northolt Treaty on 27 May, a bilateral security and defence treaty which includes a commitment to develop joint capabilities. Building upon our existing strong cooperation on air and missile defence exemplified by the decade long commitment to the NAREW ground-based air defence programme, we will be looking to develop state of the art medium range air defence effectors.

Since June 2025 we have also established a UK-Poland Joint Programme Office to support collaboration and the delivery of air and missile defence capabilities.

We continue to engage with Poland on post-Holocaust issues and tackling antisemitism, including through our Embassy in Warsaw. For instance, in February we facilitated a Community Security Trust best practice visit to Poland through our programme fund to support post-Holocaust initiatives for financial year 2025-26. Further details of our engagement with Poland on these issues, including any planned visits by the Special Envoy, will be confirmed in the usual way in due course.

The UK and Poland have agreed a new Security and Defence Partnership Treaty. The treaty delivers a strategic partnership, standing together against Russia, united in defending European security including on NATO's eastern flank, and making the UK safer. It will step up our ability to counter threats to our national, economic and energy security, and tackle illegal migration and crime in the UK. The treaty will be signed when Prime Minister Tusk visits the UK on 27 May.