As announced at Budget 2018, from April 2022 the government will be introducing a new tax on plastic packaging containing less than 30% recycled plastic.

In spring 2019, the government consulted on the high level design of the tax and a summary of responses was published in July. These responses are being used to inform the detailed design of the tax including the definition of packaging, which will be included in legislation that is due to be introduced next year. Where tobacco product packaging, cigarette filters, e-cigarettes and other vaping related products meet the definition of plastic packaging, and contain insufficient recycled plastic, they will be subject to the tax.

The government has made no specific assessment of the impact of litter caused by vaping. Litter specifically associated with vaping has never appeared in the top 20 litter types, according to independent national surveys carried out by Keep Britain Tidy.

As announced at Budget 2018, from April 2022 the government will be introducing a new tax on plastic packaging containing less than 30% recycled plastic.

In spring 2019, the government consulted on the high level design of the tax and a summary of responses was published in July. These responses are being used to inform the detailed design of the tax including the definition of packaging, which will be included in legislation that is due to be introduced next year. Where tobacco product packaging, cigarette filters, e-cigarettes and other vaping related products meet the definition of plastic packaging, and contain insufficient recycled plastic, they will be subject to the tax.

The government has made no specific assessment of the impact of litter caused by vaping. Litter specifically associated with vaping has never appeared in the top 20 litter types, according to independent national surveys carried out by Keep Britain Tidy.

The Government has made no specific assessment of the UK tobacco industry’s contribution to tackling smoking-related litter. The most recent National Litter Survey for England found that 79% of sites surveyed had smoking-related litter present in 2017-18. In the same year, local authorities in England spent £663 million or £28 per household to keep our streets clean, though this does not include spending by other relevant bodies and it is not currently possible to specify how much of this figure is attributable to smoking-related litter.

We would like to see the tobacco industry delivering on the commitment given by the Tobacco Manufacturer’s Association (TMA) to tackle the litter created by its products and their users, but this must be achieved without breaching the UK’s international obligations.

The tobacco industry has not made, or been invited to make, any financial contribution towards delivery of the “Keep It, Bin It” anti-litter campaign. Ministers have met twice with the TMA in the last three years, but the Government has not held discussions with any individual tobacco companies about smoking-related litter.

The Government has made no specific assessment of the UK tobacco industry’s contribution to tackling smoking-related litter. The most recent National Litter Survey for England found that 79% of sites surveyed had smoking-related litter present in 2017-18. In the same year, local authorities in England spent £663 million or £28 per household to keep our streets clean, though this does not include spending by other relevant bodies and it is not currently possible to specify how much of this figure is attributable to smoking-related litter.

We would like to see the tobacco industry delivering on the commitment given by the Tobacco Manufacturer’s Association (TMA) to tackle the litter created by its products and their users, but this must be achieved without breaching the UK’s international obligations.

The tobacco industry has not made, or been invited to make, any financial contribution towards delivery of the “Keep It, Bin It” anti-litter campaign. Ministers have met twice with the TMA in the last three years, but the Government has not held discussions with any individual tobacco companies about smoking-related litter.

The Government has made no specific assessment of the UK tobacco industry’s contribution to tackling smoking-related litter. The most recent National Litter Survey for England found that 79% of sites surveyed had smoking-related litter present in 2017-18. In the same year, local authorities in England spent £663 million or £28 per household to keep our streets clean, though this does not include spending by other relevant bodies and it is not currently possible to specify how much of this figure is attributable to smoking-related litter.

We would like to see the tobacco industry delivering on the commitment given by the Tobacco Manufacturer’s Association (TMA) to tackle the litter created by its products and their users, but this must be achieved without breaching the UK’s international obligations.

The tobacco industry has not made, or been invited to make, any financial contribution towards delivery of the “Keep It, Bin It” anti-litter campaign. Ministers have met twice with the TMA in the last three years, but the Government has not held discussions with any individual tobacco companies about smoking-related litter.

The Government has made no specific assessment of the UK tobacco industry’s contribution to tackling smoking-related litter. The most recent National Litter Survey for England found that 79% of sites surveyed had smoking-related litter present in 2017-18. In the same year, local authorities in England spent £663 million or £28 per household to keep our streets clean, though this does not include spending by other relevant bodies and it is not currently possible to specify how much of this figure is attributable to smoking-related litter.

We would like to see the tobacco industry delivering on the commitment given by the Tobacco Manufacturer’s Association (TMA) to tackle the litter created by its products and their users, but this must be achieved without breaching the UK’s international obligations.

The tobacco industry has not made, or been invited to make, any financial contribution towards delivery of the “Keep It, Bin It” anti-litter campaign. Ministers have met twice with the TMA in the last three years, but the Government has not held discussions with any individual tobacco companies about smoking-related litter.

Tobacco packaging is covered by the current producer responsibility regulations, which require companies to recycle a proportion of the packaging waste they place on the market. They will also be subject to the forthcoming extended producer responsibility scheme for packaging which will cover the full net costs of managing packaging at its end of life, including litter, expected to be introduced in 2023.

In the Resources and Waste Strategy, we committed to looking into and consulting on extended producer responsibility for five new waste-streams by 2025, and consulting on two of these by 2022. We have currently identified our five priority waste-streams as: textiles, fishing gear, certain products in construction and demolition, bulky waste, and vehicle tyres. This list is not fixed and does not exclude the potential to review and consult on Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for other waste streams if these are identified as being of equal or higher priority.

The EU’s Single-Use Plastics Directive includes measures to implement an EPR scheme for tobacco products with filters, and filters marketed for use in combination with tobacco products, which should cover the costs of awareness raising, data gathering and litter clean-up of these products.

It is the Government’s ambition to use the opportunity of leaving the EU to refresh and renew our environmental policy. An assessment of the legislative work required to transpose the Single-Use Plastics Directive is currently being undertaken.

Tobacco packaging is covered by the current producer responsibility regulations, which require companies to recycle a proportion of the packaging waste they place on the market. They will also be subject to the forthcoming extended producer responsibility scheme for packaging which will cover the full net costs of managing packaging at its end of life, including litter, expected to be introduced in 2023.

In the Resources and Waste Strategy, we committed to looking into and consulting on extended producer responsibility for five new waste-streams by 2025, and consulting on two of these by 2022. We have currently identified our five priority waste-streams as: textiles, fishing gear, certain products in construction and demolition, bulky waste, and vehicle tyres. This list is not fixed and does not exclude the potential to review and consult on Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for other waste streams if these are identified as being of equal or higher priority.

The EU’s Single-Use Plastics Directive includes measures to implement an EPR scheme for tobacco products with filters, and filters marketed for use in combination with tobacco products, which should cover the costs of awareness raising, data gathering and litter clean-up of these products.

It is the Government’s ambition to use the opportunity of leaving the EU to refresh and renew our environmental policy. An assessment of the legislative work required to transpose the Single-Use Plastics Directive is currently being undertaken.

It has not proved possible to respond to this question in the time available before Prorogation. Ministers will correspond directly with the Member.

It has not proved possible to respond to this question in the time available before Prorogation. Ministers will correspond directly with the Member.

It has not proved possible to respond to this question in the time available before Prorogation. Ministers will correspond directly with the Member.

The information requested is not held centrally and to obtain it would incur disproportionate costs.

As part of a government wide digital transparency self-service agenda, government grant data from the previous three years is available online through the Government Grants Information System (GGIS). Data for Defra is combined with data for Defra’s arms-length bodies. As we have no firm definition of what an animal welfare group is these grants would not be easily identifiable on the GGIS.

In 2000, the Burns Report estimated that 400,000 foxes die each year in Britain on roads, by being shot or through natural causes.

It is the responsibility of those who wish to control foxes by culling to ensure that the carcases are disposed of in accordance with the law. We have made no assessment of potential secondary uses of fox carcases.

Animals killed on roads are typically sent for disposal by incineration, co-incineration or processing (rendering). The fat extracted from rendering is commonly sent to approved biodiesel plants for conversion into biodiesel.

The Environment Agency has not been made aware of any largescale or widespread practice of dead foxes being disposed of in watercourses.

The Government’s policy is that individuals should be free to manage wildlife within the law. The decision on whether or not to control foxes lies with the owner or occupier of the property where the problem occurs.

As a result, the Government does not collect data on the number of foxes killed or how they are killed. However, in 2000 the Burns Report estimated that 400,000 foxes die each year in Britain – on roads, shot or through natural causes.

The Government would always encourage those considering taking management action to try preventative strategies to deter foxes. However, we recognise it may be necessary to cull individual animals who are causing persistent problems. Natural England provides detailed advice on the humane and legal management of foxes to help owners and occupiers protect their property from damage.

Details of the import permits issued by the Animal and Plant Health Agency are available through the CITES Trade Database. In 2017, 57 import permits were issued for game hunting trophies. We do not hold data for species that are not CITES listed as an import permit in that case is not required.

The UK holds records of applications and permits issued to import hunting trophies of species listed under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) to the UK from outside the EU. We also hold information on which import permits were returned as used.

The UK annually submits trade data in CITES specimens, including hunting trophies, to the CITES Secretariat, which administers the Convention. These are publically available on the CITES Trade Database on the CITES website.

Under international rules set by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, a hunting trophy of an endangered species can only be exported if the exporting country is satisfied that the hunt was both legal and sustainable in terms of its impact on the overall population of the species in that country.

However, in light of growing concerns about the sustainability of the hunting of some species, we have worked within the EU to introduce stricter controls on the import of hunting trophies of particular species. This requires the importing country to also carry out an assessment of the sustainability of the hunt. In this way the import of hunting trophies of certain species from certain countries is currently prohibited by the EU.

The Government considers that properly managed, legal and sustainable trophy hunting can play a part in species conservation efforts, including providing an important source of funding for some countries. As such we have no plans to introduce legislation banning the import of all animal trophies, but we will continue to monitor the impact of trophy hunting and will work with the EU and our international partners to put in place greater protection, including prohibiting imports, where this is shown to be needed.

The management of wildlife is a devolved matter. In England and Wales, the use of a bow or crossbow to kill or take any wild animal is currently prohibited under section 11(b) of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. There are no plans to allow bow hunting in England or amend the Act in this respect.

Her Majesty’s Government congratulates Her Majesty the Queen on this historic milestone and wishes her many more happy years as Head of State. In line with Her Majesty the Queen’s wishes, there were no official events to mark the occasion.