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To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, if she will make an assessment of the potential merits of publishing a migration data dashboard showing information on (a) immigration and (b) irregular migration.

Asked by

Rupert Lowe (Reform UK)

Answering body

Home Office

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

18 December 2024

Reference

19127

House

House of Commons

Migration

To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what estimate her Department has made of levels of net migration in (a) 2024-25, (b) 2025-26, (c) 2026-27, (d) 2027-28, (e) 2028-29 and (f) 2029-30.

Asked by

Richard Holden (Conservative)

Answering body

Home Office

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

16 December 2024

Reference

19065

House

House of Commons

Inward Migration

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer pursuant to the answer of 25 February 2008, Official Report, column 753, to the hon. Member for Peterborough, on inward migration, what the figure was for (a) inward migration and (b) net migration in each year since 1997.

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

26 February 2008

For answer on

28 February 2008

Answered on

7 March 2008

The information requested falls within the responsibility of the National Statistician, who has been asked to reply.Letter from Karen Dunnell, dated 7 March 2008:"As National Statistician, I have been asked to reply to your question concerning what the figure was for (a) inward migration and (b) net migration each year since 1997. (190860)""The estimates of immigration and net migration for the UK are presented in the table below."

Total international migration, 1997 to 2006, United Kingdom
Thousand
	Inflow	Net migration
1997	327	¹48
1998	391	¹140
1999	454	¹163
2000	479	¹158
2001	479	¹173
2002	513	¹154
2003	508	¹147
2004	586	¹244
2005	563	¹204
2006	591	¹191
¹ Denotes a net inflow figure.

Date

7 March 2008

Reference

190860; 472 c2837W

House

House of Commons

Emigration

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) how many emigrants from the UK counted for the purpose of calculating emigration were (a) UK nationals, (b) UK nationals of working age and (c) skilled workers who were UK nationals of working age in each of the last 10 years for...

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

7 January 2008

For answer on

9 January 2008

Answered on

3 March 2008

The information requested falls within the responsibility of the National Statistician, who has been asked to reply.Letter from Colin Mowl, dated 3 March 2008:"The National Statistician has been asked to reply to your questions relating to nationality of migrants:""To ask Mr Chancellor of the Exchequer, from which 20 countries the most immigrants to the UK came in each of the last 10 years; and how many of each nationality immigrated in each year. (177406)""To ask Mr Chancellor of the Exchequer, how many (a) UK nationals and (b) non-UK nationals emigrated from the UK in each of the last 10 years, broken down by (i) age and (ii) sex. (177411)""To ask Mr Chancellor of the Exchequer, how many emigrants from the UK counted for the purpose of calculating emigration were (a) UK nationals, (b) UK nationals of working age and (c) skilled workers who were UK nationals of working age in each of the last 10 years for which figures are available; and what percentage of the total emigration figure in each year each of these figures represent. (177453)""I am replying in her absence.""A long-term international migrant is defined as someone who changes his or her country of usual residence for a period of at least a year, so that the country of destination effectively becomes the country of usual residence. This is the United Nations recommended definition of a long-term international migrant and is the definition used for calculating population estimates and projections.""Total International Migration (TIM) estimates provide the most comprehensive figures on long-term international migration. The main source for producing these estimates is the International Passenger Survey (IPS).""While other migration flows, not captured by the IPS, are included in the TIM estimates, the nature of these other data sources and the methods used to produce TIM mean that some detailed queries can only be answered using the IPS. As a sample survey, data from the IPS are subject to a statistical margin of error.""For IPS purposes ““citizenship”” is taken to be the nationality of the passport being used by the passenger and in this context ‘British’ includes the whole of the UK and Gibraltar. These definitions have been used in providing the information you have requested.""Table 1 lists the top 20 citizenships of those migrating into the UK in each of the years 1997 to 2006. The top category in each year, British citizens, predominantly comprises British passport holders returning to the UK after a stay of a year or more abroad. As indicated in the table, estimates for some of the top 20 countries have a wide margin of statistical sampling error. For this reason, in Table 2, estimated numbers are presented for combined years for the top 10 countries only. The tables all refer to the citizenship of the immigrant, not their country of last residence. (177406)""Table 3 attached, shows how many British nationals and non British nationals emigrated from the UK in each of the years between 1997 and 2006 (the latest year available), broken down by age group and sex. (177411)""Table 4, attached, gives the International Passenger Survey estimates of emigration of British citizens by working age and previous occupation and as a percentage of total emigration, for the United Kingdom. IPS data do not specifically identify ‘skilled workers’. The closest prosy is ‘usual occupation prior to migration’ which is based on very broad occupational groupings. Most of those in the ‘professional and managerial’ category could be considered skilled workers although some, such as professionals taking early retirement would not fall under this category. Also, the ‘manual and clerical’ grouping, which covers all other workers, may include some skilled workers such as tradesmen and so this is also shown for information. (177453)"

Table I International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, top 20 citizenships migrating into the UK, time series 1997 to 2006, part I
	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001
1	British	British	British	British	British
2	France¹	Australia	Australia	Australia	Australia
3	Australia	United States of America	United States of America	India	France¹
4	United States of America	France¹	France¹	China (Peoples Republic)	India
5	Malaysia	New Zealand	New Zealand	France¹	Germany
6	India	Greece	South Africa	United States of America	South Africa
7	Greece¹	South Africa	China (Peoples Republic)	South Africa¹	China (Peoples Republic)
8	Germany¹	Italy¹	India	New Zealand	United States of America
9	Japan	Germany¹	Greece¹	Germany¹	Philippines
10	New Zealand	Spain¹	Germany¹	Pakistan	New Zealand
11	South Africa¹	Japan	Pakistan¹	Italy¹	Pakistan¹
12	Pakistan	India	Japan	Canada¹	South Korea¹
13	Bangladesh	Malaysia¹	Philippines¹	Japan	Malaysia
14	Canada¹	Canada¹	Slovakia¹	Philippines	Japan
15	Netherlands¹	China (Peoples Republic)¹	Italy¹	Malaysia	Bangladesh
16	Sweden¹	Mauritius¹	Malaysia	Nigeria¹	Greece¹
17	South Korea¹	Pakistan	Denmark¹	Greece¹	Canada¹
18	Spain¹	Sweden¹	Belgium¹	South Korea¹	Zimbabwe¹
19	Cyprus¹	Netherlands¹	Austria¹	Netherlands¹	Thailand
20	Finland¹	Denmark¹	Kenya¹	Sri Lanka	Hungary¹
¹ Countries where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Table I International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, top 20 citizenships migrating into the UK, time series 1997 to 2006, part 2
	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006
1	British	British	British	British	British
2	China (Peoples Republic)	China (Peoples Republic)	India	Poland	Poland
3	South Africa	India	China (Peoples Republic)	India	India
4	India	France¹	South Africa	South Africa	Pakistan
5	Philippines	Australia	Australia	China (Peoples Republic)	Australia
6	Australia	South Africa	Pakistan	Australia	China (Peoples Republic)
7	United States of America	United States of America	Poland¹	Pakistan	South Africa
8	Germany¹	Philippines	United States of America	United States of America	United States of America
9	New Zealand	Pakistan	Philippines	Germany¹	Germany
10	Spain¹	Portugal¹	Germany¹	New Zealand	New Zealand
11	France¹	New Zealand	Lithuania¹	Japan¹	Philippines¹
12	Japan¹	Germany¹	France¹	Philippines	Bangladesh
13	Pakistan	Ghana	Nigeria	Bangladesh	Nigeria
14	Italy¹	Netherlands¹	New Zealand	Spain¹	Slovakia¹
15	Canada	Canada	Zimbabwe¹	Nigeria	Thailand¹
16	Hong Kong¹	Sri Lanka	Spain¹	Czech state¹	France¹
17	Netherlands¹	Japan	Czech state¹	Slovakia¹	Malaysia¹
18	Kenya¹	Malaysia¹	Slovakia¹	Sri Lanka¹	Canada
19	Sri Lanka	Bangladesh	Sweden¹	Malaysia¹	Spain¹
20	Greece¹	Nigeria	Thailand¹	Italy¹	Sri Lanka
¹ Countries where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Table 2 International migration, top 10 citizenships migrating to the UK, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, time series 1997 to 2006 in 2 year groupings
	l997-98	1999-2000	2001-02
		Estimate		Estimate		Estimate
	All citizenships	591	All citizenships	713	All citizenships	758
1	British	195	British	214	British	207
2	Australia	39	Australia	50	Australia	51
3	France	36	United States of America	31	China (Peoples Republic)	43
4	United States of America	30	China (Peoples Republic	28	India	37
5	Greece	2	France	28	South Africa	35
6	New Zealand	21	India	27	Philippines	33
7	Germany	17	South Africa	26	United States of America	30
8	South Africa	16	New Zealand	25	Germany	28
9	India	16	Germany	20	France	25
10	Malaysia	15	Pakistan	17	New Zealand	21

	2003-04	2005-06
		Estimate		Estimate
	All citizenships	945	All citizenships	1,025
1	British	183	British	169
2	India	81	Poland	109
3	China (Peoples Republic	63	India	103
4	South Africa	50	Pakistan	47
5	Australia	48	Australia	46
6	Pakistan	31	China (Peoples Republic)	45
7	France	31	South Africa	41
8	United States of America	30	United States of America	31
9	Philippines	23	Germany	26
10	Poland¹	19	New Zealand	24
¹ Countries where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Table 3: International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, time series 1997 to 2006, migration from the UK by citizenship, broad age group and sex: United Kingdom
	All ages	Under 15
	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females
British
1997	135	75	60	16	¹8	8	35	16	19
1998	114	60	54	13	9	¹4	20	¹9	11
1999	115	70	45	13	¹11	¹2	24	15	9
2000	141	81	60	15	¹6	¹9	26	16	10
2001	133	78	55	14	¹8	¹6	25	10	15
2002	164	90	74	¹15	¹10	¹5	33	17	17
2003	170	97	72	18	¹10	¹9	27	15	12
2004	184	90	95	16	¹7	¹10	29	15	15
2005	174	110	65	20	¹9	¹11	23	14	9
2006	196	114	83	18	10	¹9	26	15	10

Non-British
1997	97	50	47	9	5	¹4	33	19	14
1998	91	43	48	8	¹4	¹4	34	12	21
1999	130	62	68	10	¹7	¹4	42	16	26
2000	137	72	64	7	¹3	¹4	40	19	21
2001	117	57	60	7	¹4	¹3	34	15	19
2002	141	71	70	¹6	¹3	¹3	41	17	24
2003	144	68	77	11	¹7	¹4	42	13	28
2004	126	62	64	¹8	¹4	¹4	40	16	23
2005	154	78	77	¹4	¹3	¹1	50	27	23
2006	173	94	79	¹8	¹5	¹3	53	20	32

	25-44	45-59/64²	60/65² and over
	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females
British
1997	68	41	27	10	¹8	¹2	¹5	¹2	¹3
1998	65	34	31	¹10	¹7	¹4	¹6	¹2	¹4
1999	57	34	24	16	¹9	¹7	¹4	¹1	¹3
2000	74	44	29	22	¹14	¹8	¹4	¹1	¹3
2001	60	37	23	27	¹20	¹7	¹6	¹3	¹3
2002	77	46	31	31	16	¹15	¹7	¹1	¹6
2003	81	49	33	35	19	16	¹7	¹5	¹2
2004	84	46	38	46	21	25	¹9	¹2	¹7
2005	90	64	27	25	18	¹8	¹16	¹6	¹10
2006	98	57	41	32	22	¹9	¹22	¹9	¹13

Non-British
1997	48	22	26	¹7	¹4	¹3	¹1	—	—
1998	43	23	20	¹6	¹4	¹2	—	—	—
1999	68	33	35	¹7	¹6	¹2	¹2	—	¹2
2000	83	46	37	¹6	¹3	¹3	—	—	—
2001	70	35	35	¹5	¹2	¹2	¹1	¹1	¹1
2002	83	44	40	¹10	¹6	¹4	¹1	¹1	—
2003	85	44	41	¹5	¹3	¹2	¹1	—	¹1
2004	74	39	35	¹3	¹2	¹1	¹2	¹1	¹1
2005	85	39	45	¹11	¹8	¹3	¹4	—	¹4
2006	102	63	38	¹9	¹6	¹3	¹2	—	¹2
¹ Figures are where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
² Age groups are split above and below retirement age. This is 60 for females and 65 for males.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data forms the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.

Table 4: International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, time series 1997 to 2006 (calendar year), emigration of British citizens by working age¹ and previous occupation² and as a percentage of total emigration, United Kingdom
Thousand
		Aged 16-59/64¹
	All ages			Professional and managerial	Manual and clerical
	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration
1997	135	58	113	49	58	25	27	11
1998	114	56	94	46	48	23	23	11
1999	115	47	97	40	52	21	31	13
2000	141	51	121	44	75	27	28	10
2001	133	53	111	45	59	23	31	12
2002	164	54	141	46	77	25	34	11
2003	170	54	144	46	64	20	54	17
2004	184	59	158	51	72	23	47	15
2005	174	53	138	42	81	25	38	12
2006	196	53	154	42	75	20	48	13
¹ The working age population is defined as men aged 16-64 and women aged 16-59.
² Usual occupation before migration.
Note:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Date

3 March 2008

Reference

472 c2174-82W; 177453

House

House of Commons

Emigration

(2) from which 20 countries the most immigrants to the UK came in each of the last 10 years; and how many of each nationality immigrated in each year;

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

7 January 2008

For answer on

9 January 2008

Answered on

3 March 2008

Table I International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, top 20 citizenships migrating into the UK, time series 1997 to 2006, part I
	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001
1	British	British	British	British	British
2	France¹	Australia	Australia	Australia	Australia
3	Australia	United States of America	United States of America	India	France¹
4	United States of America	France¹	France¹	China (Peoples Republic)	India
5	Malaysia	New Zealand	New Zealand	France¹	Germany
6	India	Greece	South Africa	United States of America	South Africa
7	Greece¹	South Africa	China (Peoples Republic)	South Africa¹	China (Peoples Republic)
8	Germany¹	Italy¹	India	New Zealand	United States of America
9	Japan	Germany¹	Greece¹	Germany¹	Philippines
10	New Zealand	Spain¹	Germany¹	Pakistan	New Zealand
11	South Africa¹	Japan	Pakistan¹	Italy¹	Pakistan¹
12	Pakistan	India	Japan	Canada¹	South Korea¹
13	Bangladesh	Malaysia¹	Philippines¹	Japan	Malaysia
14	Canada¹	Canada¹	Slovakia¹	Philippines	Japan
15	Netherlands¹	China (Peoples Republic)¹	Italy¹	Malaysia	Bangladesh
16	Sweden¹	Mauritius¹	Malaysia	Nigeria¹	Greece¹
17	South Korea¹	Pakistan	Denmark¹	Greece¹	Canada¹
18	Spain¹	Sweden¹	Belgium¹	South Korea¹	Zimbabwe¹
19	Cyprus¹	Netherlands¹	Austria¹	Netherlands¹	Thailand
20	Finland¹	Denmark¹	Kenya¹	Sri Lanka	Hungary¹
¹ Countries where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Table I International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, top 20 citizenships migrating into the UK, time series 1997 to 2006, part 2
	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006
1	British	British	British	British	British
2	China (Peoples Republic)	China (Peoples Republic)	India	Poland	Poland
3	South Africa	India	China (Peoples Republic)	India	India
4	India	France¹	South Africa	South Africa	Pakistan
5	Philippines	Australia	Australia	China (Peoples Republic)	Australia
6	Australia	South Africa	Pakistan	Australia	China (Peoples Republic)
7	United States of America	United States of America	Poland¹	Pakistan	South Africa
8	Germany¹	Philippines	United States of America	United States of America	United States of America
9	New Zealand	Pakistan	Philippines	Germany¹	Germany
10	Spain¹	Portugal¹	Germany¹	New Zealand	New Zealand
11	France¹	New Zealand	Lithuania¹	Japan¹	Philippines¹
12	Japan¹	Germany¹	France¹	Philippines	Bangladesh
13	Pakistan	Ghana	Nigeria	Bangladesh	Nigeria
14	Italy¹	Netherlands¹	New Zealand	Spain¹	Slovakia¹
15	Canada	Canada	Zimbabwe¹	Nigeria	Thailand¹
16	Hong Kong¹	Sri Lanka	Spain¹	Czech state¹	France¹
17	Netherlands¹	Japan	Czech state¹	Slovakia¹	Malaysia¹
18	Kenya¹	Malaysia¹	Slovakia¹	Sri Lanka¹	Canada
19	Sri Lanka	Bangladesh	Sweden¹	Malaysia¹	Spain¹
20	Greece¹	Nigeria	Thailand¹	Italy¹	Sri Lanka
¹ Countries where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Table 2 International migration, top 10 citizenships migrating to the UK, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, time series 1997 to 2006 in 2 year groupings
	l997-98	1999-2000	2001-02
		Estimate		Estimate		Estimate
	All citizenships	591	All citizenships	713	All citizenships	758
1	British	195	British	214	British	207
2	Australia	39	Australia	50	Australia	51
3	France	36	United States of America	31	China (Peoples Republic)	43
4	United States of America	30	China (Peoples Republic	28	India	37
5	Greece	2	France	28	South Africa	35
6	New Zealand	21	India	27	Philippines	33
7	Germany	17	South Africa	26	United States of America	30
8	South Africa	16	New Zealand	25	Germany	28
9	India	16	Germany	20	France	25
10	Malaysia	15	Pakistan	17	New Zealand	21

	2003-04	2005-06
		Estimate		Estimate
	All citizenships	945	All citizenships	1,025
1	British	183	British	169
2	India	81	Poland	109
3	China (Peoples Republic	63	India	103
4	South Africa	50	Pakistan	47
5	Australia	48	Australia	46
6	Pakistan	31	China (Peoples Republic)	45
7	France	31	South Africa	41
8	United States of America	30	United States of America	31
9	Philippines	23	Germany	26
10	Poland¹	19	New Zealand	24
¹ Countries where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Table 3: International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, time series 1997 to 2006, migration from the UK by citizenship, broad age group and sex: United Kingdom
	All ages	Under 15
	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females
British
1997	135	75	60	16	¹8	8	35	16	19
1998	114	60	54	13	9	¹4	20	¹9	11
1999	115	70	45	13	¹11	¹2	24	15	9
2000	141	81	60	15	¹6	¹9	26	16	10
2001	133	78	55	14	¹8	¹6	25	10	15
2002	164	90	74	¹15	¹10	¹5	33	17	17
2003	170	97	72	18	¹10	¹9	27	15	12
2004	184	90	95	16	¹7	¹10	29	15	15
2005	174	110	65	20	¹9	¹11	23	14	9
2006	196	114	83	18	10	¹9	26	15	10

Non-British
1997	97	50	47	9	5	¹4	33	19	14
1998	91	43	48	8	¹4	¹4	34	12	21
1999	130	62	68	10	¹7	¹4	42	16	26
2000	137	72	64	7	¹3	¹4	40	19	21
2001	117	57	60	7	¹4	¹3	34	15	19
2002	141	71	70	¹6	¹3	¹3	41	17	24
2003	144	68	77	11	¹7	¹4	42	13	28
2004	126	62	64	¹8	¹4	¹4	40	16	23
2005	154	78	77	¹4	¹3	¹1	50	27	23
2006	173	94	79	¹8	¹5	¹3	53	20	32

	25-44	45-59/64²	60/65² and over
	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females
British
1997	68	41	27	10	¹8	¹2	¹5	¹2	¹3
1998	65	34	31	¹10	¹7	¹4	¹6	¹2	¹4
1999	57	34	24	16	¹9	¹7	¹4	¹1	¹3
2000	74	44	29	22	¹14	¹8	¹4	¹1	¹3
2001	60	37	23	27	¹20	¹7	¹6	¹3	¹3
2002	77	46	31	31	16	¹15	¹7	¹1	¹6
2003	81	49	33	35	19	16	¹7	¹5	¹2
2004	84	46	38	46	21	25	¹9	¹2	¹7
2005	90	64	27	25	18	¹8	¹16	¹6	¹10
2006	98	57	41	32	22	¹9	¹22	¹9	¹13

Non-British
1997	48	22	26	¹7	¹4	¹3	¹1	—	—
1998	43	23	20	¹6	¹4	¹2	—	—	—
1999	68	33	35	¹7	¹6	¹2	¹2	—	¹2
2000	83	46	37	¹6	¹3	¹3	—	—	—
2001	70	35	35	¹5	¹2	¹2	¹1	¹1	¹1
2002	83	44	40	¹10	¹6	¹4	¹1	¹1	—
2003	85	44	41	¹5	¹3	¹2	¹1	—	¹1
2004	74	39	35	¹3	¹2	¹1	¹2	¹1	¹1
2005	85	39	45	¹11	¹8	¹3	¹4	—	¹4
2006	102	63	38	¹9	¹6	¹3	¹2	—	¹2
¹ Figures are where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
² Age groups are split above and below retirement age. This is 60 for females and 65 for males.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data forms the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.

Table 4: International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, time series 1997 to 2006 (calendar year), emigration of British citizens by working age¹ and previous occupation² and as a percentage of total emigration, United Kingdom
Thousand
		Aged 16-59/64¹
	All ages			Professional and managerial	Manual and clerical
	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration
1997	135	58	113	49	58	25	27	11
1998	114	56	94	46	48	23	23	11
1999	115	47	97	40	52	21	31	13
2000	141	51	121	44	75	27	28	10
2001	133	53	111	45	59	23	31	12
2002	164	54	141	46	77	25	34	11
2003	170	54	144	46	64	20	54	17
2004	184	59	158	51	72	23	47	15
2005	174	53	138	42	81	25	38	12
2006	196	53	154	42	75	20	48	13
¹ The working age population is defined as men aged 16-64 and women aged 16-59.
² Usual occupation before migration.
Note:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Date

3 March 2008

Reference

472 c2174-82W; 177406

House

House of Commons

Emigration

(3) how many (a) UK nationals and (b) non-UK nationals emigrated from the UK in each of the last 10 years, broken down by (i) age and (ii) sex.

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

7 January 2008

For answer on

9 January 2008

Answered on

3 March 2008

Table I International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, top 20 citizenships migrating into the UK, time series 1997 to 2006, part I
	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001
1	British	British	British	British	British
2	France¹	Australia	Australia	Australia	Australia
3	Australia	United States of America	United States of America	India	France¹
4	United States of America	France¹	France¹	China (Peoples Republic)	India
5	Malaysia	New Zealand	New Zealand	France¹	Germany
6	India	Greece	South Africa	United States of America	South Africa
7	Greece¹	South Africa	China (Peoples Republic)	South Africa¹	China (Peoples Republic)
8	Germany¹	Italy¹	India	New Zealand	United States of America
9	Japan	Germany¹	Greece¹	Germany¹	Philippines
10	New Zealand	Spain¹	Germany¹	Pakistan	New Zealand
11	South Africa¹	Japan	Pakistan¹	Italy¹	Pakistan¹
12	Pakistan	India	Japan	Canada¹	South Korea¹
13	Bangladesh	Malaysia¹	Philippines¹	Japan	Malaysia
14	Canada¹	Canada¹	Slovakia¹	Philippines	Japan
15	Netherlands¹	China (Peoples Republic)¹	Italy¹	Malaysia	Bangladesh
16	Sweden¹	Mauritius¹	Malaysia	Nigeria¹	Greece¹
17	South Korea¹	Pakistan	Denmark¹	Greece¹	Canada¹
18	Spain¹	Sweden¹	Belgium¹	South Korea¹	Zimbabwe¹
19	Cyprus¹	Netherlands¹	Austria¹	Netherlands¹	Thailand
20	Finland¹	Denmark¹	Kenya¹	Sri Lanka	Hungary¹
¹ Countries where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Table I International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, top 20 citizenships migrating into the UK, time series 1997 to 2006, part 2
	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006
1	British	British	British	British	British
2	China (Peoples Republic)	China (Peoples Republic)	India	Poland	Poland
3	South Africa	India	China (Peoples Republic)	India	India
4	India	France¹	South Africa	South Africa	Pakistan
5	Philippines	Australia	Australia	China (Peoples Republic)	Australia
6	Australia	South Africa	Pakistan	Australia	China (Peoples Republic)
7	United States of America	United States of America	Poland¹	Pakistan	South Africa
8	Germany¹	Philippines	United States of America	United States of America	United States of America
9	New Zealand	Pakistan	Philippines	Germany¹	Germany
10	Spain¹	Portugal¹	Germany¹	New Zealand	New Zealand
11	France¹	New Zealand	Lithuania¹	Japan¹	Philippines¹
12	Japan¹	Germany¹	France¹	Philippines	Bangladesh
13	Pakistan	Ghana	Nigeria	Bangladesh	Nigeria
14	Italy¹	Netherlands¹	New Zealand	Spain¹	Slovakia¹
15	Canada	Canada	Zimbabwe¹	Nigeria	Thailand¹
16	Hong Kong¹	Sri Lanka	Spain¹	Czech state¹	France¹
17	Netherlands¹	Japan	Czech state¹	Slovakia¹	Malaysia¹
18	Kenya¹	Malaysia¹	Slovakia¹	Sri Lanka¹	Canada
19	Sri Lanka	Bangladesh	Sweden¹	Malaysia¹	Spain¹
20	Greece¹	Nigeria	Thailand¹	Italy¹	Sri Lanka
¹ Countries where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Table 2 International migration, top 10 citizenships migrating to the UK, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, time series 1997 to 2006 in 2 year groupings
	l997-98	1999-2000	2001-02
		Estimate		Estimate		Estimate
	All citizenships	591	All citizenships	713	All citizenships	758
1	British	195	British	214	British	207
2	Australia	39	Australia	50	Australia	51
3	France	36	United States of America	31	China (Peoples Republic)	43
4	United States of America	30	China (Peoples Republic	28	India	37
5	Greece	2	France	28	South Africa	35
6	New Zealand	21	India	27	Philippines	33
7	Germany	17	South Africa	26	United States of America	30
8	South Africa	16	New Zealand	25	Germany	28
9	India	16	Germany	20	France	25
10	Malaysia	15	Pakistan	17	New Zealand	21

	2003-04	2005-06
		Estimate		Estimate
	All citizenships	945	All citizenships	1,025
1	British	183	British	169
2	India	81	Poland	109
3	China (Peoples Republic	63	India	103
4	South Africa	50	Pakistan	47
5	Australia	48	Australia	46
6	Pakistan	31	China (Peoples Republic)	45
7	France	31	South Africa	41
8	United States of America	30	United States of America	31
9	Philippines	23	Germany	26
10	Poland¹	19	New Zealand	24
¹ Countries where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Table 3: International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, time series 1997 to 2006, migration from the UK by citizenship, broad age group and sex: United Kingdom
	All ages	Under 15
	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females
British
1997	135	75	60	16	¹8	8	35	16	19
1998	114	60	54	13	9	¹4	20	¹9	11
1999	115	70	45	13	¹11	¹2	24	15	9
2000	141	81	60	15	¹6	¹9	26	16	10
2001	133	78	55	14	¹8	¹6	25	10	15
2002	164	90	74	¹15	¹10	¹5	33	17	17
2003	170	97	72	18	¹10	¹9	27	15	12
2004	184	90	95	16	¹7	¹10	29	15	15
2005	174	110	65	20	¹9	¹11	23	14	9
2006	196	114	83	18	10	¹9	26	15	10

Non-British
1997	97	50	47	9	5	¹4	33	19	14
1998	91	43	48	8	¹4	¹4	34	12	21
1999	130	62	68	10	¹7	¹4	42	16	26
2000	137	72	64	7	¹3	¹4	40	19	21
2001	117	57	60	7	¹4	¹3	34	15	19
2002	141	71	70	¹6	¹3	¹3	41	17	24
2003	144	68	77	11	¹7	¹4	42	13	28
2004	126	62	64	¹8	¹4	¹4	40	16	23
2005	154	78	77	¹4	¹3	¹1	50	27	23
2006	173	94	79	¹8	¹5	¹3	53	20	32

	25-44	45-59/64²	60/65² and over
	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females	Persons	Males	Females
British
1997	68	41	27	10	¹8	¹2	¹5	¹2	¹3
1998	65	34	31	¹10	¹7	¹4	¹6	¹2	¹4
1999	57	34	24	16	¹9	¹7	¹4	¹1	¹3
2000	74	44	29	22	¹14	¹8	¹4	¹1	¹3
2001	60	37	23	27	¹20	¹7	¹6	¹3	¹3
2002	77	46	31	31	16	¹15	¹7	¹1	¹6
2003	81	49	33	35	19	16	¹7	¹5	¹2
2004	84	46	38	46	21	25	¹9	¹2	¹7
2005	90	64	27	25	18	¹8	¹16	¹6	¹10
2006	98	57	41	32	22	¹9	¹22	¹9	¹13

Non-British
1997	48	22	26	¹7	¹4	¹3	¹1	—	—
1998	43	23	20	¹6	¹4	¹2	—	—	—
1999	68	33	35	¹7	¹6	¹2	¹2	—	¹2
2000	83	46	37	¹6	¹3	¹3	—	—	—
2001	70	35	35	¹5	¹2	¹2	¹1	¹1	¹1
2002	83	44	40	¹10	¹6	¹4	¹1	¹1	—
2003	85	44	41	¹5	¹3	¹2	¹1	—	¹1
2004	74	39	35	¹3	¹2	¹1	¹2	¹1	¹1
2005	85	39	45	¹11	¹8	¹3	¹4	—	¹4
2006	102	63	38	¹9	¹6	¹3	¹2	—	¹2
¹ Figures are where the estimate has a standard error >25 per cent., these estimates are considered less reliable than other estimates.
² Age groups are split above and below retirement age. This is 60 for females and 65 for males.
Notes:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data forms the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.

Table 4: International migration, estimates from the International Passenger Survey, time series 1997 to 2006 (calendar year), emigration of British citizens by working age¹ and previous occupation² and as a percentage of total emigration, United Kingdom
Thousand
		Aged 16-59/64¹
	All ages			Professional and managerial	Manual and clerical
	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration	Estimate	Percentage of total emigration
1997	135	58	113	49	58	25	27	11
1998	114	56	94	46	48	23	23	11
1999	115	47	97	40	52	21	31	13
2000	141	51	121	44	75	27	28	10
2001	133	53	111	45	59	23	31	12
2002	164	54	141	46	77	25	34	11
2003	170	54	144	46	64	20	54	17
2004	184	59	158	51	72	23	47	15
2005	174	53	138	42	81	25	38	12
2006	196	53	154	42	75	20	48	13
¹ The working age population is defined as men aged 16-64 and women aged 16-59.
² Usual occupation before migration.
Note:
1. The International Passenger Survey (IPS) is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and channel tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles.
2. This table relates solely to the IPS. IPS data form the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for ‘switchers’, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised.
Source:
Office for National Statistics

Date

3 March 2008

Reference

472 c2174-82W; 177411

House

House of Commons

Migration

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) what the international passenger survey estimate of (a) inward migration, (b) outward migration and (c) the net migration balance was in each year since 1978;

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

7 January 2008

For answer on

9 January 2008

Answered on

25 February 2008

The information requested falls within the responsibility of the Nationals Statistician, who has been asked to reply.Letter from Colin Mowl, dated 25 February 2008:"The National Statistician has been asked to reply to your questions on how many (a) inward and (b) outward migrants to and from the UK there were in each year 10-year age cohort in each year since 1997 and what the international passenger survey estimate of (a) inward migration, (b) outward migration and (c) the net migration balance was in each year since 1978. I am replying in her absence. (177389, 177390)""Table 1, attached, gives long-term international migration flows into and out of the UK by 10 year age band for 1997 to 2006 (the latest year available).""Table 2, attached, gives the international passenger survey estimate of long-term inward and outward migration flows and net migration balance, in each year since 1978.""The United Nations recommended definition of a long-term international migrant is someone who changes his or her country of usual residence for a period of at least a year, so that the country of destination effectively becomes the country of usual residence. This is used for calculating population estimates and projections.""These data are from the international passenger survey (IPS), the main source for producing estimates of long-term international migration. Total international migration (TIM) estimates are the most comprehensive estimates of international migration and combine the IPS with other migration flows not captured by the IPS. However, the nature of these other data sources and the methods used to produce TIM mean that some queries can only be answered using the IPS. As a sample survey, data from the IPS are subject to margins of error."

Table 1: International migration flows by ten year age group, estimates from the international passenger survey, time series 1997 to 2006 (calendar year), United Kingdom
thousand
Inflow	All ages	0 to 9	10 to 19	20 to 29	30 to 39	40 to 49	50 to 59	60+
1997	273	25	49	120	45	20	8	7
1998	318	25	41	153	67	20	6	6
1999	354	23	44	171	75	25	10	6
2000	359	20	43	164	82	32	9	9
2001	372	26	37	185	72	27	16	8
2002	386	17	54	191	78	30	7	10
2003	427	25	55	209	82	32	15	9
2004	518	20	57	266	107	36	18	13
2005	496	12	57	269	101	38	12	8
2006	529	32	55	269	107	41	16	9

Outflow
1997	232	22	18	102	51	25	6	9
1998	206	15	16	83	59	16	10	7
1999	245	18	14	118	52	20	14	9
2000	278	16	15	133	63	30	13	8
2001	250	15	15	104	59	36	10	11
2002	305	17	15	124	81	29	26	14
2003	314	21	19	120	82	40	20	13
2004	310	16	17	123	72	36	26	21
2005	328	14	22	129	81	38	18	27
2006	369	22	19	138	94	47	17	33
Notes: 1. The IPS is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and Channel Tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles. 2. This table relates solely to the international passenger survey (IPS). IPS data forms the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for 'switchers', i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised. Source: Office for National Statistics

Table 2: International migration, estimates from the international passenger survey time series 1978 to 2006 (calendar year), United Kingdom
thousand
	Inward migration	Outward migration	Net migration
1978	187	192	-5
1979	195	189	+6
1980	173	228	-55
1981	153	232	-79
1982	201	257	-56
1983	202	184	+17
1984	201	164	+37
1985	232	174	+58
1986	250	213	+37
1987	211	209	+2
1988	216	237	-21
1989	250	205	+44
1990	267	231	+36
1991	255	247	+8
1992	207	235	-28
1993	204	223	-19
1994	243	197	+45
1995	235	198	+37
1996	261	223	+37
1997	273	232	40
1998	318	206	113
1999	354	245	109
2000	359	278	82
2001	372	250	122
2002	386	305	+81
2003	427	314	+113
2004	518	310	+208
2005	496	328	+168
2006	529	369	+160
Notes: 1. The IPS is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and Channel Tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles. 2. This table relates solely to the international passenger survey (IPS). IPS data forms the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for 'switchers', i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised. Source: Office for National Statistics

Date

25 February 2008

Reference

472 c1237-9W; 177390

House

House of Commons

Migration

(2) how many (a) inward and (b) outward migrants to and from the UK there were in each 10-year age cohort in each year since 1997.

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

7 January 2008

For answer on

9 January 2008

Answered on

25 February 2008

Table 1: International migration flows by ten year age group, estimates from the international passenger survey, time series 1997 to 2006 (calendar year), United Kingdom
thousand
Inflow	All ages	0 to 9	10 to 19	20 to 29	30 to 39	40 to 49	50 to 59	60+
1997	273	25	49	120	45	20	8	7
1998	318	25	41	153	67	20	6	6
1999	354	23	44	171	75	25	10	6
2000	359	20	43	164	82	32	9	9
2001	372	26	37	185	72	27	16	8
2002	386	17	54	191	78	30	7	10
2003	427	25	55	209	82	32	15	9
2004	518	20	57	266	107	36	18	13
2005	496	12	57	269	101	38	12	8
2006	529	32	55	269	107	41	16	9

Outflow
1997	232	22	18	102	51	25	6	9
1998	206	15	16	83	59	16	10	7
1999	245	18	14	118	52	20	14	9
2000	278	16	15	133	63	30	13	8
2001	250	15	15	104	59	36	10	11
2002	305	17	15	124	81	29	26	14
2003	314	21	19	120	82	40	20	13
2004	310	16	17	123	72	36	26	21
2005	328	14	22	129	81	38	18	27
2006	369	22	19	138	94	47	17	33
Notes: 1. The IPS is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and Channel Tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles. 2. This table relates solely to the international passenger survey (IPS). IPS data forms the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for 'switchers', i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised. Source: Office for National Statistics

Table 2: International migration, estimates from the international passenger survey time series 1978 to 2006 (calendar year), United Kingdom
thousand
	Inward migration	Outward migration	Net migration
1978	187	192	-5
1979	195	189	+6
1980	173	228	-55
1981	153	232	-79
1982	201	257	-56
1983	202	184	+17
1984	201	164	+37
1985	232	174	+58
1986	250	213	+37
1987	211	209	+2
1988	216	237	-21
1989	250	205	+44
1990	267	231	+36
1991	255	247	+8
1992	207	235	-28
1993	204	223	-19
1994	243	197	+45
1995	235	198	+37
1996	261	223	+37
1997	273	232	40
1998	318	206	113
1999	354	245	109
2000	359	278	82
2001	372	250	122
2002	386	305	+81
2003	427	314	+113
2004	518	310	+208
2005	496	328	+168
2006	529	369	+160
Notes: 1. The IPS is a continuous voluntary sample survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics. It covers the principal air, sea and Channel Tunnel routes between the UK and countries outside the British Isles. 2. This table relates solely to the international passenger survey (IPS). IPS data forms the major part of international migration. However, total international migration estimates are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for 'switchers', i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised. Source: Office for National Statistics

Date

25 February 2008

Reference

472 c1237-9W; 177389

House

House of Commons

Migration

To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department what assessment she has made of the impact of migration on the UK's gross domestic product in the last 10 years; and if she will make a statement.

Asked by

Andrew Rosindell (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

19 February 2008

Reference

472 c585W; 186936

House

House of Commons

Migration

(2) how many asylum seekers were taken into account for the purpose of calculating the balance of total international migration to and from the UK in the years 1997 to 2006 inclusive; and what proportion of net migration these figures represented in each of those years;

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

7 January 2008

For answer on

9 January 2008

Answered on

18 February 2008

The information requested falls within the responsibility of the National Statistician, who has been asked to reply.Letter from Karen Dunnell, dated 18 February 2008:"As National Statistician, I have been asked to reply to your questions on Total International Migration related issues:""how many visitor switchers were taken into account for the purpose of calculating the balance of total international migration to and from the UK in each year since 1991; (177391)""how many asylum seekers were taken into account for the purpose of calculating the balance of total international migration to and from the UK in the years 1997 to 2006 inclusive; and what proportion of net migration these figures represented in each of those years; (177392)""what the level of inward migration from EU A8 countries for the purpose of Total International Migration statistics to the UK was in (a) each year and (b) each quarter since 1 January 2004. (178332)""Table 1, attached, gives the adjustments made to Total International Migration (TIM) to account for visitor switchers from 1991 to 2006. Visitor switchers are those that intended to come to (or leave) the UK for less than 12 months and then switched to being migrants by staying (or leaving) for more than twelve months; i.e. someone who came as a visitor but switched to a migrant.""Table 2, attached, gives the asylum seeker adjustment made to Total International Migration (TIM) estimates of inflows, outflows, and net-migration from 1997 to 2006. It also gives the corresponding TIM estimates; and shows the asylum seeker adjustments as a percentage of these. As indicated in the table, we do not recommend using the figures on asylum seekers as a proportion of net migration as an indicator.""The asylum seeker adjustments are based on Home Office data but differ from the asylum statistics published by the Home Office in a number of respects. In order to fit with the United Nations recommended definition of an international long-term migrant, which is used in calculating population estimates, the data only include cases where the asylum seeker remained in the UK for more than 12 months. These data will also exclude a number of asylum seekers that are accounted for already in International Passenger Survey (IPS) estimates of migrants. Finally the adjustments include both principal applicants and their dependants whereas HO figures generally exclude dependants.""Estimates of annual inward migration from EU A8 countries for 2004 and 2005 are available in Table 2.2 of the ““International Migration 2005, Series MN no.32”” which can be found on the National Statistics website at:""http://www.statistics.gov.uk/StatBase/Product.asp?vlnk=507""The 2006 Total International Migration (TIM) estimates of annual inward migration from EU A8 countries (i.e. by country of last residence) are not yet available but are due to be released in May 2008. All 2006 TIM estimates will be produced using revised methods, and these changes will also result in revisions for earlier years. Therefore the 2004 and 2005 estimates currently in the public domain are likely to change slightly. However, estimates of annual inward migration by EU A8 nationals (as opposed to country of last residence referred to above) are available for 2004-2006 and can be found in Table 1 (Citizenship UK) at the following link on the National Statistics website:""http://www.statistics.gov.uk/statbase/Product.asp?vlnk=15053""Quarterly estimates of inward migration are not available for country of last residence or nationality either on a TIM or IPS basis.""Total International Migration data are the most comprehensive estimates of long-term international migration. They are produced by combining migration data from the IPS, Home Office data on asylum seekers, migration data between the UK and the Irish Republic and adjustments for (migrant and visitor) ““switchers””, i.e. those whose initial length of stay intentions are not realised."

Table 1: International migration, visitor switcher¹ adjustment, time series 1991 to 2006², United Kingdom
Thousand
	Inflow	Outflow	Net
1991	28	18	10
1992	28	27	1
1993	31	23	8
1994	31	22	9
1995	25	18	7
1996	25	17	8
1997	23	18	5
1998	28	16	12
1999	29	21	8
2000	40	19	20
2001	36	26	10
2002	45	22	23
2003	44	21	23
2004	43	16	27
2005	51	15	36
2006	50	16	35
Notes: 1. A visitor switcher is defined as someone who enters or leaves the UK intending to stay in the destination country for less than a year but who actually stays for a year or longer. Thus ““inflow”” indicates the estimate of those who entered the UK as visitors, but who switched to being migrants and stayed a year or more. 2. Several different methods and data sources have been used between 1991 and 2006 to estimate the visitor switcher adjustment. For the years 1991 to 2000, the adjustment is based on visa extension data from the Home Office. For the years 2000 to 2003, the adjustment is based on fixed proportions applied to certain categories of visitors considered most likely to switch and become migrants. From 2004, the adjustment is based on specific questions asked in the International Passenger Survey (IPS) to identify former visitor switchers which is then applied to certain visitor categories. In all cases, the best available data has been used to produce these adjustments. Source: Office for National Statistics.

Table 2: International migration, asylum seeker adjustment¹ flows and as a percentage of Total International Migration (TIM), time series 1997 to 2006², United Kingdom
Thousand
	Asylum seekers adjustment	TIM³	Asylum seekers adjustment as percentage of TIM
	Inflow	Out- flow	Net	Inflow	Out- flow	Net	Inflow	Out- flow	Net4
1997	34	10	24	327	279	48	10	4	50
1998	51	10	41	391	251	140	13	4	29
1999	80	8	72	454	291	163	18	3	44
2000	92	10	81	479	321	158	19	3	51
2001	84	18	66	479	306	173	18	6	38
2002	96	21	75	513	358	154	19	6	49
2003	54	17	37	508	361	147	11	5	25
2004	36	16	21	586	342	244	6	5	8
2005	26	16	11	563	359	204	5	4	5
2006	23	17	6	591	400	191	4	4	3
Notes: 1. These figures are a statistical adjustment, not estimates of asylum seekers. Those migrants captured by the International Passenger Survey (IPS) stating the reason for visit as ““to seek asylum”” are excluded from these calculations to avoid double counting. 2. Several improvements have been made to the data sources and methods used in the estimation of the asylum seeker adjustment between 1997 and 2006. These figures are produced using the best available data and methods for each year. 3. Total International Migration (TIM) is the most comprehensive estimate of migration. It is based mainly on the IPS but also includes estimates of Irish flows supplied by the Irish Central Statistics Office, and adjustments for asylum seekers not captured in the IPS and for ““switchers”” (i.e. those whose migration intentions are not realised). 4. We recommend looking at the inflow and outflow proportions as the net proportion could be highly misleading. For example, should outflows of asylum seekers exceed inflows this would show as a negative percentage. If TIM net migration were zero, this would show as an infinite percentage. Source: Office for National Statistics.

Date

18 February 2008

Reference

472 c357-9W; 177392

House

House of Commons

Migration

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) how many visitor switchers were taken into account for the purpose of calculating the balance of total international migration to and from the UK in each year since 1991;

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

7 January 2008

For answer on

9 January 2008

Answered on

18 February 2008

Table 1: International migration, visitor switcher¹ adjustment, time series 1991 to 2006², United Kingdom
Thousand
	Inflow	Outflow	Net
1991	28	18	10
1992	28	27	1
1993	31	23	8
1994	31	22	9
1995	25	18	7
1996	25	17	8
1997	23	18	5
1998	28	16	12
1999	29	21	8
2000	40	19	20
2001	36	26	10
2002	45	22	23
2003	44	21	23
2004	43	16	27
2005	51	15	36
2006	50	16	35
Notes: 1. A visitor switcher is defined as someone who enters or leaves the UK intending to stay in the destination country for less than a year but who actually stays for a year or longer. Thus ““inflow”” indicates the estimate of those who entered the UK as visitors, but who switched to being migrants and stayed a year or more. 2. Several different methods and data sources have been used between 1991 and 2006 to estimate the visitor switcher adjustment. For the years 1991 to 2000, the adjustment is based on visa extension data from the Home Office. For the years 2000 to 2003, the adjustment is based on fixed proportions applied to certain categories of visitors considered most likely to switch and become migrants. From 2004, the adjustment is based on specific questions asked in the International Passenger Survey (IPS) to identify former visitor switchers which is then applied to certain visitor categories. In all cases, the best available data has been used to produce these adjustments. Source: Office for National Statistics.

Table 2: International migration, asylum seeker adjustment¹ flows and as a percentage of Total International Migration (TIM), time series 1997 to 2006², United Kingdom
Thousand
	Asylum seekers adjustment	TIM³	Asylum seekers adjustment as percentage of TIM
	Inflow	Out- flow	Net	Inflow	Out- flow	Net	Inflow	Out- flow	Net4
1997	34	10	24	327	279	48	10	4	50
1998	51	10	41	391	251	140	13	4	29
1999	80	8	72	454	291	163	18	3	44
2000	92	10	81	479	321	158	19	3	51
2001	84	18	66	479	306	173	18	6	38
2002	96	21	75	513	358	154	19	6	49
2003	54	17	37	508	361	147	11	5	25
2004	36	16	21	586	342	244	6	5	8
2005	26	16	11	563	359	204	5	4	5
2006	23	17	6	591	400	191	4	4	3
Notes: 1. These figures are a statistical adjustment, not estimates of asylum seekers. Those migrants captured by the International Passenger Survey (IPS) stating the reason for visit as ““to seek asylum”” are excluded from these calculations to avoid double counting. 2. Several improvements have been made to the data sources and methods used in the estimation of the asylum seeker adjustment between 1997 and 2006. These figures are produced using the best available data and methods for each year. 3. Total International Migration (TIM) is the most comprehensive estimate of migration. It is based mainly on the IPS but also includes estimates of Irish flows supplied by the Irish Central Statistics Office, and adjustments for asylum seekers not captured in the IPS and for ““switchers”” (i.e. those whose migration intentions are not realised). 4. We recommend looking at the inflow and outflow proportions as the net proportion could be highly misleading. For example, should outflows of asylum seekers exceed inflows this would show as a negative percentage. If TIM net migration were zero, this would show as an infinite percentage. Source: Office for National Statistics.

Date

18 February 2008

Reference

472 c357-9W; 177391

House

House of Commons

Migration

(3) what the level of inward migration from EU A8 countries for the purposes of total international migration statistics to the UK was in (a) each year and (b) each quarter since 1 January 2004.

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Office for National Statistics

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

9 January 2008

For answer on

14 January 2008

Answered on

18 February 2008

Table 1: International migration, visitor switcher¹ adjustment, time series 1991 to 2006², United Kingdom
Thousand
	Inflow	Outflow	Net
1991	28	18	10
1992	28	27	1
1993	31	23	8
1994	31	22	9
1995	25	18	7
1996	25	17	8
1997	23	18	5
1998	28	16	12
1999	29	21	8
2000	40	19	20
2001	36	26	10
2002	45	22	23
2003	44	21	23
2004	43	16	27
2005	51	15	36
2006	50	16	35
Notes: 1. A visitor switcher is defined as someone who enters or leaves the UK intending to stay in the destination country for less than a year but who actually stays for a year or longer. Thus ““inflow”” indicates the estimate of those who entered the UK as visitors, but who switched to being migrants and stayed a year or more. 2. Several different methods and data sources have been used between 1991 and 2006 to estimate the visitor switcher adjustment. For the years 1991 to 2000, the adjustment is based on visa extension data from the Home Office. For the years 2000 to 2003, the adjustment is based on fixed proportions applied to certain categories of visitors considered most likely to switch and become migrants. From 2004, the adjustment is based on specific questions asked in the International Passenger Survey (IPS) to identify former visitor switchers which is then applied to certain visitor categories. In all cases, the best available data has been used to produce these adjustments. Source: Office for National Statistics.

Table 2: International migration, asylum seeker adjustment¹ flows and as a percentage of Total International Migration (TIM), time series 1997 to 2006², United Kingdom
Thousand
	Asylum seekers adjustment	TIM³	Asylum seekers adjustment as percentage of TIM
	Inflow	Out- flow	Net	Inflow	Out- flow	Net	Inflow	Out- flow	Net4
1997	34	10	24	327	279	48	10	4	50
1998	51	10	41	391	251	140	13	4	29
1999	80	8	72	454	291	163	18	3	44
2000	92	10	81	479	321	158	19	3	51
2001	84	18	66	479	306	173	18	6	38
2002	96	21	75	513	358	154	19	6	49
2003	54	17	37	508	361	147	11	5	25
2004	36	16	21	586	342	244	6	5	8
2005	26	16	11	563	359	204	5	4	5
2006	23	17	6	591	400	191	4	4	3
Notes: 1. These figures are a statistical adjustment, not estimates of asylum seekers. Those migrants captured by the International Passenger Survey (IPS) stating the reason for visit as ““to seek asylum”” are excluded from these calculations to avoid double counting. 2. Several improvements have been made to the data sources and methods used in the estimation of the asylum seeker adjustment between 1997 and 2006. These figures are produced using the best available data and methods for each year. 3. Total International Migration (TIM) is the most comprehensive estimate of migration. It is based mainly on the IPS but also includes estimates of Irish flows supplied by the Irish Central Statistics Office, and adjustments for asylum seekers not captured in the IPS and for ““switchers”” (i.e. those whose migration intentions are not realised). 4. We recommend looking at the inflow and outflow proportions as the net proportion could be highly misleading. For example, should outflows of asylum seekers exceed inflows this would show as a negative percentage. If TIM net migration were zero, this would show as an infinite percentage. Source: Office for National Statistics.

Date

18 February 2008

Reference

178332; 472 c357-9W

House

House of Commons

Migration

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer how many estimates of long-term population growth attributable to migration have been made by the Government since 1997; what those estimates have been, including the most recent longest term estimate of population growth attributable to migration and total future population size; what assessment...

Asked by

James Clappison (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

7 January 2008

For answer on

9 January 2008

Answered on

14 January 2008

The information requested falls within the responsibility of the National Statistician, who has been asked to reply.Letter from Karen Dunnell, dated 14 January 2008:"As National Statistician I have been asked to reply to your question regarding how many estimates of long-term population growth attributable to migration have been made by the Government since 1997; what those estimates have been, including the most recent longest term estimate of population growth attributable to migration and total future population size; what assessment he has made of the environmental and housing implications of these estimates; and what the Government's population policy is. (177459)""National population projections, based on a full review of all the underlying assumptions, are normally produced every two years. The most recent set is the 2006-based national projections published in October 2007. In the intervening year between these 'full' projections, special sets of 'interim' national projections may be produced. Two sets of interim projections (2001-based and 2003-based) have been produced in recent years.""The underlying assumptions for the projections are demographic trend based and should not be seen as predictions. If, as in recent years, there is an increase in migration levels then the assumptions are changed to reflect this. The long-term assumptions of annual net migration to the United Kingdom in these recent national population projections have been as follows:"

Based projections
1998	+95,000
2000	+135,000
2001	+100,000
2002	+130,000
2003	+130,000
2004	+145,000
2006	+190,000

"Since the 2002-based projections, an analysis has been published of the impact of the assumed level of net migration on population growth in the period to 2031. These analyses are available from the following links:""2002-based projections""http://www.gad.gov.uk/Demography_Data/Population/2002/methodology/mignote.asp""Interim 2003-based projections""http://www.gad.gov.uk/Demography_Data/Population/2003/methodology/mignote.asp""2004-based projections""http://www.gad.gov.uk/Demography_Data/Population/2004/methodology/mignote.asp""2006-based projections""http://www.gad.gov.uk/Demography_Data/Population/2006/methodology/mignote.asp""The Office for National Statistics cannot comment on the policy issues raised in your question."

Date

14 January 2008

Reference

470 c900-1W; 177459

House

House of Commons

Migration: London Residents

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer how many and what percentage of British citizens migrated from other regions of the UK to London in each of the last 10 years, broken down by (a) sex and (b) age.

Asked by

Boris Johnson (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

5 December 2007

Reference

468 c1353W; 169672

House

House of Commons

Migration: London Residents

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer how many and what percentage of London residents (a) with and (b) without British citizenship migrated to (i) other regions of the UK and (ii) outside the UK in each of the last 10 years.

Asked by

Boris Johnson (Conservative)

Answering body

Treasury

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

27 November 2007

For answer on

29 November 2007

Answered on

5 December 2007

The information requested falls within the responsibility of the National Statistician, who has been asked to reply.Letter from Karen Dunnell, dated 5 December 2007:"As National Statistician, I have been asked to reply to your question asking how many and what percentage of London residents (a) with British citizenship and (b) without British citizenship migrated to (i) other regions of the UK and (ii) outside the UK in each of the last 10 years. (169671)""The mid-year population estimates of people living in London are not available broken down by citizenship over the last ten years. Also, data are not available that show migration by citizenship within and between the regions of the UK.""However, data are available that show estimates of emigration by British and non-British citizens from Greater London to areas outside the UK in each of the last ten years (Table 1). These estimates are based on the International Passenger Survey (IPS) and are also shown as a percentage of each mid-year population estimate for Greater London.""The IPS is a sample survey and, like all survey sources, is subject to sampling and non-sampling error."

Table 1: population and international migration time series 1997-2006—people emigrating from London¹ by citizenship and as percentage of the mid-year population estimates
Government Office Region
	MYE²	Emigrants³,4
	London	All citizenships	British	Non-British
	All persons	Estimate (Thousand)	Percentage of MYE	Estimate (Thousand)	Percentage of MYE	Estimate (Thousand)	Percentage of MYE
London¹
1997	7,015	70	1.0	25	0.4	45	0.6
1998	7,065	68	1.0	22	0.3	46	0.7
1999	7,154	84	1.2	20	0.3	63	0.9
2000	7,237	84	1.2	30	0.4	55	0.8
2001	7,322	78	1.1	25	0.3	53	0.7
2002	7,362	89	1.2	27	0.4	62	0.8
2003	7,364	88	1.2	27	0.4	61	0.8
2004	7,389	79	1.1	33	0.4	46	0.6
2005	7,456	87	1.2	27	0.4	60	0.8
2006	7,512	111	1.5	31	0.4	79	1.1
¹ The Government Office Region of London definition has been used, i.e. Greater London.
² MYE are the revised mid year population estimates and are rounded to the nearest thousand. Emigration data are for calendar year, rounded to the nearest thousand.
³ Emigrants are the International Passenger Survey estimates for calendar year, rounded to the nearest thousand.
4 The international migration estimates have been revised using a consistent methodology based primarily on the Labour Force Survey (LFS) to allocate migration to the constituent countries of the UK, and to Government Office Regions within England.
Notes:
1. Figures have been rounded independently and may not add to totals.
2. Percentages have been calculated on unrounded data.

Date

5 December 2007

Reference

169671; 468 c1352-4W

House

House of Commons

2R, Programme motion and Money res*:Nationality Immigration and Asylum Bill 2001/02

Nationality Immigration and Asylum Bill. Second reading debate. Agreed to on question. Programme motion for proceedings in Standing Committee, Report and Third Reading agreed to on division (284 to 176). Money resolution agreed to on question (Formal). (Relevant doc HC 163 2000/01)

Lead member

Lord Blunkett

Answering member

Angela Eagle

Department

Home Office

Type

Debates on bills

Date

24 April 2002

Reference

384 c341-436

House

House of Commons

Home Office

To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what discussions his Department has had with the Department for International Development on policies to support the rural economy in Kosovo to help reduce the pressure of economic migration to (a) the UK and (b) other countries in the European...

Asked by

Phyllis Starkey (Labour)

Answering body

Home Office

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

15 October 2001

Reference

5283; 372 c902W

House

House of Commons

Librarians' tools

Type

House

Session

Year

Department

Member

Primary member

Answering member

Legislative stage

Legislation

Subject

Publisher