The provision of diagnostic services is a regulated activity for which the Care Quality Commission (CQC) sets essential and common registration requirements to ensure basic standards of safety and quality. The Department has also supported a range of measures intended to reduce variation in the way investigations are undertaken and recorded, working with relevant professional organisations such as the Royal College of Pathologists, Royal College of Radiologists and the Society of Radiographers to identify and implement opportunities for improving standards of professional practice in addition to the codes of practice already in use.For pathology laboratory investigations, the Department is working with Connecting for Health and the Royal College of Pathologists to develop the first National Laboratory Medicine Catalogue (NLMC). This will enable a standardised form of requesting and reporting pathology results intended to improve patient safety and outcomes by ensuring that all pathology tests use the same terminology and units of measurement. Through minimising local variations in pathology test requesting and reporting, the NLMC will also improve general practitioner and trust ability to commission and provide services across regional boundaries. This will increase options for patient choice.In addition, the Department has asked NHS Improvement to work with pathology laboratories across England to support the introduction of LEAN methodologies into laboratory practice. These will further assist standardisations in professional practice.For x-ray investigations in radiology, also known as 'medical exposures', the standardisation of the way tests are undertaken is effected by legislation. The Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2000 as amended 2006 and 2011 (IR(ME)R) are intended to protect individuals undergoing medical exposures against the dangers associated with the use of ionising radiation and define a number of obligations. The key requirements of IR(ME)R are that all such procedures are carry a net benefit to the individual (i.e. justified); a radiation dose as low as reasonably practicable is used (optimised); and that all personnel directly involved with the medical exposure are adequately trained for the tasks they carry out.In addition the Royal College of Radiologists, in collaboration with the Society and College of Radiographers, have introduced an Imaging Service Accreditation Scheme. The Department supports and encourages organisations to be accredited against this scheme.When recording x-ray investigations, standardisation is encouraged through use of technology. The main computer systems used in collecting patient information are Radiology Information Systems and for storing images, the Picture Archiving Communication Systems. These are procured to common specifications developed by the Connecting for Health programme.