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I hope that the Minister agrees that if any target is to be meaningful, it must include aviation, which, as he will know, presents a major threat. If that continues at the same rate, it will cancel out all the gains made in other sectors. Does the Minister accept that while emissions trading is a useful tool which represents a step forward, it is not enough in itself to halt the inexorable rise of aviation? Does he accept that when one of my constituents goes to Spain and back by air solely to buy fags and beer cheaply, the price of aviation must increase?

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

Oral questions - 1st Supplementary

Status

Answered

Date

22 June 2006

Reference

447 c1450

House

House of Commons

Climate Change

What progress has been made against the Government's carbon reduction targets; and if he will make a statement.

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

Oral questions - Lead

Status

Answered

Date

22 June 2006

Reference

447 c1450; 79345

House

House of Commons

Carbon Emissions

To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what proportion of the displacement of carbon emissions has been achieved through the introduction of energy efficiency measures in each year since 1997.

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

18 January 2006

For answer on

23 January 2006

Answered on

8 February 2006

[holding answer 23 January 2006]: An exercise has been carried for the household sector, for the period 1970 to 2001. The carbon changes are subject to a ““decomposition analysis”” into seven factors, two efficiency ones—reduced losses from the building envelope, and improved heating system efficiency—and five others which drive emissions both up and down—household numbers, level of energy service demand (e.g. for comfort, hot water), external temperature, the carbon intensity of grid electricity, and fuel switching by households. The changes are presented in terms of tonnes of carbon rather than shares of the net change. The results for the three decades are shown graphically, for each complete decade, to illustrate the longer term effects of the different factors, and eliminate the shorter term annual fluctuations. The table gives the annual changes from 1997 to 2001. The graph will be placed in the Library.Defra is currently completing a separate exercise to develop energy efficiency indicators for the household sector, and plans to use these, together with decomposition analysis, to report in more detail on the achievements of its various policies. Comparable work on indicators for the Industry and Services sectors is also under way but at a less advanced stage since energy use is much more complex, and energy efficiency technical measures more numerous, than in the household sector.

Components of carbon emission change (MtC)
Between years	Household growth	Level of service	External temperature	Building envelope heat loss	Heating system efficiency	Electricity Supply Industry factors	Other carbon factor changes	Total
1997–98	0.32	1.03	-0.35	-0.08	-0.24	-0.17	0.78	1.30
1998–99	0.35	1.02	0.56	-0.08	-0.81	-0.10	-1.47	-0.51
1999–2000	0.24	1.02	0.03	-0.67	-0.50	-0.13	0.47	0.46
2000–01	0.25	1.06	0.82	-0.76	-0.59	+1.42	1.02	3.22

Date

8 February 2006

Reference

44788; 442 c1281-2W;442 c1281-2W

House

House of Commons

Hemel Hempstead Fire

To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs how many tonnes of carbon she estimates were emitted as a consequence of the fire at Hemel Hempstead; and what percentage of the UK's annual carbon emission this constitutes.

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

9 January 2006

Reference

38837; 441 c10W

House

House of Commons

Carbon

To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what estimate she has made of the loss of carbon from soils since 1980; what she estimates the loss from this source will be in 2005; and if she will make a statement.

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

18 October 2005

Reference

17200; 437 c853W;437 c830-1W

House

House of Commons

Carbon Emissions

To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs what estimate she has made of carbon emissions from (a) domestic and (b) international shipping (i) by volume and (ii) as a percentage of total carbon emissions in the last year for which figures are available; and what...

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Tabled on

10 October 2005

For answer on

12 October 2005

Answered on

18 October 2005

The table shows carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from UK domestic and UK international shipping in million tonnes of carbon (MtC) for 2003. The table also shows UK domestic shipping emissions as a percentage of the total 2003 UK CO2 emission of 156.1 MtC.

Shipping	CO2 emissions (MtC)	Percentage of total UK CO2 emissions
Domestic	0.9	0.6
International	1.4	—

Under the internationally agreed methodology, greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping are excluded from the national greenhouse gas inventory. They are reported separately as a memo item and, if included, would represent less than one per cent. of the UK total CO2 emissions.The international figure is derived from marine fuel (or bunker fuel) sales, and sales represents emissions from fuel burned by seagoing ships of all flags that are engaged in international transport.The domestic figure is also derived from bunker sales and represents emissions from fuel used for navigation of all vessels not engaged in international transport.The UK's approach to the regulation of shipping is to apply international standards to ships flying its flag and to ships entering its ports or operating in UK waters. Work on reducing maritime emissions goes through the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). At the last Maritime Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) meeting in July 2005, the United Kingdom contributed significantly to difficult negotiations on the adoption of Interim Guidelines for Voluntary Ship CO2 Emission Indexing for Use in Trials (as well as Guidelines for On-board Exhaust Gas SOx Cleaning Systems).Ships under the United Kingdom flag are being encouraged to participate in these trials, which will help identify a ship's greenhouse gas index where the information obtained may be used in the context of reducing CO2emissions.

Date

18 October 2005

Reference

17199; 437 c854-5W;437 c831-2W

House

House of Commons

Dept of Trade and Industry

To ask the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, what assessment she has made of the potential effects of electricity power generators buying and selling (a) gas and (b) other fuels on future markets on the emissions trading scheme. - Inc ref to Implications of the EU ETS for...

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department of Trade and Industry

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

8 December 2004

Reference

202081; 428 c591W

House

House of Commons

Dept of Trade and Industry

To ask the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, what steps she is taking to encourage the retrofitting of clean-coal technology to UK power stations; and what percentage reduction in carbon emissions from such stations she estimates such action would achieve. - (Holding answer 6 December 2004).

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department of Trade and Industry

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

8 December 2004

Reference

202737; 428 c595W

House

House of Commons

Dept of Trade and Industry

To ask the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, what energy assumptions have influenced her Department's policy on the appropriate carbon dioxide reduction target relative to 1990 levels within the National Allocation Plan to implement the EU Emissions Trading Directive. - Inc figures.

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department of Trade and Industry

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

29 April 2004

Reference

420 c1218W; 167755

House

House of Commons

Dept of Trade and Industry

To ask the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, what range of prices for carbon is being included in her Department's forward energy projections from 2005 onwards, with reference to the EU Emissions Trading Scheme. - Inc figures.

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department of Trade and Industry

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

29 April 2004

Reference

420 c1215W; 167765

House

House of Commons

Dept of Trade and Industry

To ask the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, what her policy is on the patenting of carbon molecules as part of nanotechnology development. - (Holding answer 12 January 2004).

Asked by

Norman Baker (Liberal Democrat)

Answering body

Department of Trade and Industry

Type

Written questions

Status

Answered

Date

19 January 2004

Reference

147226; 416 c1039-40W;416 c1037-8W

House

House of Commons

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